List of Indigenous people of the Americas

North America

Canada

Generally referred to as Aboriginal peoples in Canada when looking at the First Nations, Inuit, and Métis peoples collectively.

Greenland

Mexico

This issue is complicated because a great majority of Mexicans are mestizos and therefore being part Native is not unusual as in Canada or the US. The list only include Indigenous proper and mestizos with an Indigenous parent. This list also includes a few Pre-Columbian figures considered remarkable in the history and culture of Mexico.

United States

Central America

The Caribbean

• Agüeybaná (The Great Sun) - "supreme cacique" in Puerto Rico
• Agüeybaná II - Cacique in Puerto Rico
• Arasibo - Cacique in Puerto Rico
• Hatuey (Taíno), Cacique in Cuba
• Hayuya - Cacique in Puerto Rico
• Jumacao - Cacique in Puerto Rico
• Anacaona - Cacique in Hispaniola (Taíno)
• Arawak - Cacique in Bahamas (Taíno)
• Caonabo - Cacique in Hispaniola (Carib)
• Guacanagaric - Cacique in Hispaniola (Taíno)
• Guarionex - Cacique in Hispaniola (Taíno)
• Cotubanama - Cacique in Hispaniola (Taíno)
• Enriquillo - Cacique in Hispaniola (Taíno)

Guatemala

• Miguel Ángel Asturias, novelist, Nobel prize winner in literature
• Rigoberta Menchú Tum, activist, Nobel prize winner in peace (Quiché)
• Concepción Ramírez, activist, appears on the Guatemalan 25-centavo coin

Nicaragua

• Myrna Cunningham, Miskita physician, feminist and Indigenous rights activist

South America

Bolivia

• Roberto Mamani Mamani (b. 1962), Aymara painter
• Alejandro Mario Yllanes (1913–1960), Aymara painter and printmaker
• Evo Morales, Aymara politician, president of Bolivia
• Bienvenido Zacu Mborobainchi, b. 1956, Guarayo politician

Brazil

• Daniel Munduruku
• Bebeto

Chile

• Ainavillo (16th-century), Mapuche toqui
• Butapichón (17th-century), Mapuche toqui
• Cadeguala (16th-century), Mapuche toqui
• Calfucurá (late 1770s–1873), Mapuche military leader from Patagonia
• Caupolicán (died 1558), Mapuche toqui
• Santos Chávez (1934–2001), Mapuche printmaker
• Elicura Chihuailaf (born 1952), Mapuche poet

Colombia

• Quintín Lame (1880–1967), Paez political leader and author

Ecuador

• Camilo Egas, Mestizo, painter and educator, 1889–1962
• Eugenio Espejo, Mestizo journalist, hygienist, lawyer, and satirical writer, 1747–1795
• Oswaldo Guayasamín, Quechua painter and sculptor, 1919–1999
• Eduardo Kingman, Mestizo painter, 1913–1998
• Luis Macas, Quechua anthropologist and politician, born 1951
• Mincaye, Hauo preacher and church elder, born 1935
• Nina Pacari, Kichwa politician, lawyer and Indigenous leader from Cotacachi, born 1961
• Antonio Vargas, Quechua politician

Peru

• Tupac Amaru, military figure and last Inca
• Túpac Amaru II (1738-1781), leader of massive Andean uprising against Spanish colonial rule
• Túpac Katari (c. 1750-1781), leader of an Andean uprising
• Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, writer
• Yma Sumac, Singer of self-identified Inca ancestry
• Alejandro Toledo, President
• Marcos Zapata (c. 1710–1773), Quechua Cuzco School painter
• Magaly Solier, Quechua actress
• Manco Cápac, Sapa Inca
• Ollanta Humala, President of Peru
• Q'orianka Kilcher, Quechua actress
• Martín Chambi, Quechua photographer
• Diego Quispe Tito, Quechua painter

See also

• List of Indigenous artists of the Americas
• List of writers from peoples Indigenous to the Americas

Notes