This list of military engagements of World War I covers terrestrial, maritime, and aerial conflicts, including campaigns, operations, defensive positions, and sieges. Campaigns generally refer to broader strategic operations conducted over a large bit of territory and over a long period of time. Battles generally refer to short periods of intense combat localized to a specific area and over a specific period of time. However, use of the terms in naming such events is not consistent. For example, the First Battle of the Atlantic was more or less an entire theatre of war, and the so-called battle lasted for the duration of the entire war.

Western Front

The Western Front comprised the fractious borders between France, Germany, and the neighboring countries. It was infamous for the nature of the fight that developed there; after almost a full year of inconclusive fighting, the front had become a giant trench line stretching from one end of Europe to the other.

1914

• Battle of Liège

The Battle of Liège was the first battle of the war, and could be considered a moral victory for the allies, as the heavily outnumbered Belgians held out against the German Army for 12 days. From 5–16 August 1914, the Belgians successfully resisted the numerically superior Germans, and inflicted surprisingly heavy losses on their aggressors. The German Second Army, comprising 320,000 men, crossed into neutral Belgium in keeping to the Schlieffen Plan, with the ultimate goal of attacking France from the north. Liège was key strategically as it held a position at the head of a pass through the Ardennes, which made it the best possible route into the heart of Belgium itself.

The city was surrounded by a ring of 12 heavily armed forts, garrisoned by 70,000 men under the command of Gérard Leman. A night attack on 5 August was repulsed with heavy losses to the Germans to the extreme surprise of the supremely confident German army. The next day, rather than confront the forts in battle, the German commander Erich Ludendorff attacked the city through the back, through a break in the line of fortresses that the Belgians had intended to fortify, but never did so. Although they succeeded in capturing the city, the Germans knew that they could not continue advancing troops into Belgium without first breaking down the forts. Aided by 17-inch Howitzers, the Germans finally succeeded in bringing down the forts on 16 August.

The unprecedented Belgian resistance seriously prolonged the opening German assault at the outbreak of World War I, allowing France and Britain time to organize themselves and a defense of Paris. In addition, it was an important moral victory for the Allies.

• Battle of the Frontiers

The early French initiative, to capture territory lost to the Germans in the 1870–1871 Franco-Prussian War, which France started, was played out in a series of frontier battles between the Germans and the French, known collectively as the Battle of the Frontiers. The battles at Mulhouse, Lorraine, the Ardennes, Charleroi, and Mons were launched more or less simultaneously, and marked the collision of the German and French war plans, the Schlieffen Plan and Plan XVII, respectively.

• Battle of Mülhausen

The Battle of Mülhausen was the opening attack by the French against the Germans. The battle was part of a French attempt to conquer the province of Alsace, which had been lost as a consequence of having lost the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871, as it had a majority of ethnic Germans. A French force under General Louis Bonneau detached from the French First Corps and invaded the frontier on August 8, 1914. Opposing them was the German 7th Division. The capture of the area, preordained by the French Plan XVII, was to boost national pride—and to provide a guard force for the flank of subsequent invasions.

The French quickly captured the border town of Altkirch with a bayonet charge. Bonneau, suspicious of the little German resistance, was wary of a carefully planned German trap. However, under orders the next day he advanced to Mülhausen, capturing it with little effort, for the Germans had already abandoned it.

In France, the conquering of the German city Mülhausen, without a fight, was celebrated greatly. However, with the arrival of German reserves from Straßburg, the tides were turned, and the Germans mounted a counterattack on nearby Cernay. Unable to mount an all-encompassing defense, and unable to call on reserves of his own, Bonneau began a slow withdrawal from the region. Support troops hastily sent by the French commander-in-chief Joseph Joffre arrived too late to prevent Bonneau from retiring. Joffre was immensely angry with Bonneau, charging him with a "lack of aggression" and immediately relieving him of command. Realizing the psychological magnitude of the loss, he assembled a force, led by Paul Pau, which tried unsuccessfully to recapture the province.

• Battle of Lothringen

The invasion and recapture of Lorraine formed one of the major parts of the French pre-war strategy, Plan XVII. The loss of Lorraine (and Alsace; see above) to the Prussians in the 1870–1871 Franco-Prussian War was seen as a national humiliation by the public and military alike, and was at the forefront of their minds for the next war against the Germans.

The battle was initiated by the French First and Second armies. The First, led by General Auguste Dubail, intended to take Sarrebourg, whilst the Second, led by General Noel de Castelnau, intended to take Morhange. Both towns were well fortified, and the task of defending them fell to Crown Prince Rupprecht, who had overall control of the German Sixth and Seventh armies.

Rupprecht adopted a strategy in which he would fall back under the French attacks, then counter-attack once he lured the French all the way to his fortifications. As the French army advanced, it met stern resistance in the form of German artillery and machine-gun fire. Army Chief of Staff Helmuth von Moltke authorized a more aggressive tactic soon after, and on August 20, the German army started to roll back the French. Caught by surprise and without the assistance of entrenched positions, the Second Army was pushed back quickly, eventually into France itself. A gap was exposed between the forces in Mulhouse and those in Lorraine; the forces in Mulhouse were withdrawn to keep the gap from being taken advantage of by the Germans.

Diverging from the Schlieffen Plan, Rupprecht received reinforcements and attacked the French line near the Trouée de Charmes; however, through the use of reconnaissance aircraft, the French spotted the German buildup, and were able to build an adequate defence. Thus the German gains were minimized, and were eradicated by a following French counter-assault on the 25th. Fighting continued there until the end of August, and quickly ground into a stalemate and trench warfare.

• Battle of the Ardennes

The Battle of Ardennes, fought between 21 and 23 August 1914, was another of the early frontier battles, conducted during the first month of the war. The battle was sparked by the mutual collision of French and German invasion forces in the lower Ardennes Forest.

The pre-war French strategy expected German forces in the area to be light, and the French light, rapid firing artillery was expected to convey an advantage in forested terrain over the bigger German guns. Instead, it became increasingly apparent to all of the commanders in the region that a significant enemy presence was gathering, for the Germans had planned an offensive through the area.

The sets of armies joined battle on both sides. General Pierre Ruffey's Third Army to the south and Fernand de Langle de Cary's Fourth Army to the north, fighting Germany's Fourth, led by Duke Albrecht, and Fifth army, led by Crown Prince Wilhelm.

The German troops started moving through the forest on 19 August. Conditions worsened, and by the time the two armies met, the forest was covered in a deep fog, resulting in the two forces stumbling into one another. At first, the French took the Germans as a light screening force; however, in reality the French were heavily outnumbered. The first day of the battle consisted of light skirmishes; the main battle did not begin until 21 August.

According to the pre-war French strategy document, Plan XVII, German forces in the area were only expected to be light, with French light, rapid-firing artillery proving advantageous in a wooded terrain such as that found in the Ardennes. However, what emerged was totally opposite; the French eagerly charged at German positions in the woods, and were mowed down by machine-gun fire. The French armies retreated hurriedly in the face of superior German tactical positioning, and the Germans chased them all the way back into the French border. In addition to losing a key strategic position, the French forfeited iron resources in the region as well.

• Battle of Charleroi

The Battle of Charleroi, another of the frontier battles, was an action taking place 12–23 August 1914. The battle was joined by the French Fifth Army, advancing north towards the River Sambre, and the German Second and Third armies, moving southwest through Belgium. The Fifth army was meant to join the Third and Fourth armies in their attack through the Ardennes. However, this plan was put into effect assuming the Germans were not considering an assault further north, through Belgium—which was the German plan all along. Charles Lanrezac, commander of the Fifth Army, was strongly against the idea, fearing an attack from the north. However Joseph Joffre, chief-of-staff, rejected any such idea; after much persuasion, Lanrezac finally convinced him to move the Fifth Army northwards.

However, by the time the Fifth Army arrived, units of the German Second Army were already in the area. Joffre authorized an attack across the Sambre, predicting that the German force had 18 divisions, comparable to Lanrezac's 15, plus another 3 British reinforcements (the British Expeditionary Force). However, Lanrezac predicted much higher numbers, closer to the actual number—32 German divisions. He preferred to wait for reinforcements, however that same day the Germans attacked across the river and established two beachheads, neither of which fell despite several French counterattacks.

The next day, the main attack began; the fighting carried on through the day, and into the next. The French centre suffered severe losses and retreated; but the west and east flanks both held their ground. However, the retreat of cavalry divisions to the far west exposed the French west flank. With news of his situation, and the fact that his flanks could give and be completely enwrapped, Lanrezac ordered a general retreat into northern France.

• Siege of Maubeuge

The French town of Maubeuge was a major fort on the French side of the border. With a junction of no fewer than five major railway lines, it was recognized as a key strategic position by both sides; hence the construction of 15 forts and gun batteries ringing it, a total of 435 guns, and a permanent garrison of 35,000 troops. These were further bolstered by the choosing of the town as the advance base of the British Expeditionary Force. However, when these and the French Fifth Army retreated following the events at Charleroi, the town was cut off from allied support, and subsequently besieged on August 25. The German heavy artillery succeeded in demolishing the key forts around the city, and General Joseph Anthelme Fournier, in command of the garrison in the city, surrendered to the Germans some 13 days later.

1914

• Skirmish at Joncherey
• Battle of Mons
• Battle of Le Cateau
• Battle of St. Quentin, also called the Battle of Guise
• First Battle of the Marne
• First Battle of the Aisne
• Siege of Antwerp
• First Battle of Albert
• First Battle of Arras
• Battle of Messines (1914)
• Battle of the Yser
• Battle of Armentières
• First Battle of Ypres
• First Battle of Champagne

1915

• Winter operations 1914–1915
• Battle of Neuve Chapelle
• Second Battle of Ypres
• Second Battle of Artois
• Battle of Festubert
• Battle of Loos
• Actions of the Hohenzollern Redoubt
• Second Battle of Champagne

1916

• Actions of the Bluff, 1916
• Battle of Verdun
• Battle of Hulluch
• Battle of Mont Sorrel
• Battle of the Somme
• Battle of Fromelles
• Battle of Pozières
• Battle of Ginchy

1917

• Operations on the Ancre, January–March 1917
• Operation Alberich
• Nivelle Offensive
• Battle of Arras (1917)
• Battle of Vimy Ridge
• Second Battle of the Aisne, also called the Third Battle of Champagne
• Battle of Messines
• Third Battle of Ypres, also called the Battle of Passchendaele
• Battle of La Malmaison
• Battle of Cambrai (1917)

1918

• German spring offensive
• Battle of the Lys, also known as the Fourth Battle of Ypres and the Battle of Estaires
• Third Battle of the Aisne
• Battle of Cantigny
• Battle of Belleau Wood
• Second Battle of the Marne
• Battle of Soissons (1918)
• Battle of Château-Thierry (1918)
• Hundred Days Offensive
  • Battle of Amiens
  • Second Battle of the Somme, also known as the Battle of St. Quentin
  • Battle of the Scarpe (1918)
  • Battle of Havrincourt
  • Battle of Saint-Mihiel
  • Battle of Epéhy
  • Battle of the Canal du Nord
  • Fifth Battle of Ypres
  • Battle of the Hindenburg Line
  • Meuse-Argonne Offensive, also called the Battle of the Argonne Forest
  • Battle of Cambrai (1918)
  • Battle of the Selle
  • Battle of Valenciennes (1918)
  • Battle of the Sambre (1918), also known as the Second Battle of the Sambre

Italian Campaign

• First Battle of the Isonzo
• Second Battle of the Isonzo
• Third Battle of the Isonzo
• Fourth Battle of the Isonzo
• Fifth Battle of the Isonzo
• Trentino Offensive or the "Battle of Asiago"
• Sixth Battle of the Isonzo or the "Battle of Gorizia"
• Seventh Battle of the Isonzo
• Eighth Battle of the Isonzo
• Ninth Battle of the Isonzo
• Tenth Battle of the Isonzo
• Battle of mount Ortigara
• Eleventh Battle of the Isonzo
• Twelfth Battle of the Isonzo or the "Battle of Caporetto"
• Battle of the Piave River
• Battle of San Matteo
• Battle of Vittorio Veneto
• Air Battle on Istrana

Eastern Front

Campaign of 1914 (Entente victory; Russia captures Galicia and part of the Carpathian Mountains, And also knocks out the Germans from Poland, disrupting their plans to destroy a group of Russian troops. As well as disrupts the Schlieffen plan, forcing Germany to fight on two fronts)

• East Prussian campaign (German victory)
  • Battle of Stallupönen (Russian victory)
  • Battle of Orlau (Russian victory)
  • Battle of Gumbinnen (Russian victory)
  • Battle of Kaushen (Russian victory)
  • Battle of Gross-Bresau (Russian victory)
  • Battle of Gumbinnen (Russian victory)
  • Battle of Tannenberg (Decisive German victory)
• Battle of Galicia (Decisive Russian victory)
  • Battle of Kraśnik (Austro-Hungarian victory)
  • Battle of Komarów (1914) (Austro-Hungarian victory)
  • Battle of Gnila Lipa (Russian victory)
  • Battle of Rawa (Key Russian victory)
  • Battle of Gorodek (1914) (Russian victory)
  • Halich-Lviv offensive (Russian victory)
  • Battle of Yaroslavitsy (1914) (Russian victory)
• Battle of Laski and Anielin (Russian victory)
• Battle of Mołotków (Russian victory)
• First Battle of the Masurian Lakes (German victory)
• Battle of Augustów (1914) (Russian victory)
• Second Russian invasion of East Prussia (1914) (German victory)
  • Raid on Memel (successful Russian raid on East Prussia)
• Battle of the Vistula River (Decisive Russian victory)
• Battle of Łódź (1914) (Russian tactical victory; German strategic victory)
• Battle of the San river (Russian victory)
• Battle of Limanowa (Central powers victory)
• Battle of the Lupovsky Pass (Russian victory)

Campaign of 1915 (Central powers victory, however, the Germans are unable to bring Russia out of the war. Russians return a wide strip to Galicia)

• Battle of Pakoslaw (Russian victory)
• Battle of Carpathians (Russian victory)
  • Siege of Przemysl (Russian victory)
  • Kozevo offensive (Russian victory)
  • Battle for Height 958 (Russian victory)
• Battle of Bolimov (Indecisive)
• First Battle of Przasnysz (Russian victory)
• Battle of Łomża (Partial Russian victory)
• Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes (German victory)
• Easter battle at Kalvarija (Indecisive)
• Second Battle of the Vistula River (Russian victory)
• Great Retreat (Russian) (German victory)
  • Gorlice–Tarnów offensive (Central powers victory)
  • Vistula–Bug offensive (German victory)
  • Bug–Narew Offensive (German victory)
  • Skoropadsky's attack under Kraupishken(Russian victory)
  • Second battle of Przasnysz (German Tactical victory, Russian strategic victory)
  • Attack of the Dead Men (Russian victory)
  • March on Grubeshov (Russian victory)
  • Battle of Dniestr and Zolota Lypa (Partial Russian victory)
  • Riga–Schaulen offensive (German victory)
  • Siege of Kovno (German victory)
  • Siege of Novogeorgievsk (German victory)
  • Strypa offensive (Central powers major victory)
  • Prut operation (Russian victory)
  • Battle of Smorgon (Russian victory)
  • Battle of Zurvno (Russian victory)
  • Vilno-Dvinsk offensive (Key Russian victory)
• Sventiany Offensive (Indecisive)

Campaign of 1916 (Russian victory; recapture Galicia and Bukovina; the Russians are forcing the Germans to stop the attacks on Verdun by their actions)

• Lake Naroch Offensive (Tactical German victory; strategic Entente victory)
• Baranovichi offensive (Central powers victory)
• Brusilov Offensive (Russian victory)
  • Battle of Lutsk (Russian victory)
  • Battle of Kostiuchnówka (Russian victory)
  • Battle of Kowel (Central powers victory)

Campaign of 1917 (Central powers victory)

• Christmas Battles (Russian victory)
• February Revolution (Partial destruction of the Russian army due to the democratization of troops)
• Kerensky Offensive (Central powers victory)
  • Battle of Zborov (1917) (Entente victory)
  • Battle of Borders (Russian victory; Central Powers retreat on Austria territory)
• Riga offensive (1917) (German victory)
• Russian Revolution (Russian army has been destroyed from the inside)

Campaign of 1918 (Central powers victory; Russia is coming out of the war)

• Operation Faustschlag (Decisive central powers victory; end of Eastern front)
  • Battle of Bakhmach (Soviet victory)
• Crimea Operation (1918) (German-Ukraine victory)
  • Battle of Chongar Bridge (Ukraine victory)
  • Sivash breakthrough (Ukraine victory)
  • Battle of the Salt Lake (Ukraine-Cossack victory)
  • Battle of Sevastopol (1918) (German-Ukraine victory)

Romanian Campaign

1916

• Battle of Transylvania (Central Powers victory)
• Battle of Turtucaia (Central Powers victory)
• Battle of Dobrich (Bulgarian victory)
• First Battle of Cobadin (Romanian-Russian victory)
• Battle of Sibiu (1916) (Central Powers victory)
• Battle of the Olt Valley (Romanian victory)
• Nagyszeben Offensive (Romanian victory)
• Flămânda Offensive (Central Powers victory)
• Battle of Brassó (1916) (Central Powers victory)
• Battle of Bran-Câmpulung Area (Romanian victory)
• Battle of Prahova Valley (Romanian victory)
• First Battle of Oituz (Romanian victory)
• Second Battle of Cobadin (Central Powers victory)
• First Battle of the Jiu Valley (Romanian victory)
• Second Battle of the Jiu Valley (Central Powers victory)
• Battle of Vulcan Pass (Central Powers victory)
• Second Battle of Oituz (Romanian victory)
• Battle of Târgu Jiu (Central Powers victory)
• Battle of Robănești (German victory)
• Battle of Bucharest (Central Powers victory)
• Prunaru Charge (Central Powers victory)
• Battle of the Argeș (Central Powers victory)
• Battle of Râmnicu Sărat (Central Powers victory)

1917

• Romanian Campaign (1917)(Russo-Romanian victory)
  • Battle of Mărăști (Romanian-Russian victory)
  • Battle of Mărășești (Romanian-Russian victory)
  • Third Battle of Oituz (Romanian-Russian victory)

Caucasus Campaign

1914

• Black Sea raid (Ottoman victory)
• Capture of Bajazet (Russian victory)
• Bergmann Offensive (Ottoman victory)
• Battle of Sarikamish (Decisive Russian victory)
  • Battle of Ardahan (Russian victory)
• Battle of Cape Sarych (Russian victory)

1915

• Defense of Van (1915) (Russo-Armenian victory)
• Battle of Manzikert (1915) (Ottoman victory)
• Battle of Kara Killisse (Russian victory)
• Battle of Dilman (Russian victory)
• Zeitun Resistance (1915) (Armenian victory)
• Battle of Kirpen Island (Russian victory)
• Battle of the Bosporus (Russian victory)

1916

• Action of 8 January 1916 (Russian victory)
• Airstrike on Zonguldak (Russian victory)
• Erzurum Offensive (Russian victory)
• Battle of Muş (Russian victory)
• Battle of Koprukoy (Russian victory)
• Trebizond Campaign (Russian victory)
  • Lazistan offensive (Russian victory)
    • Landing in Riza (Russian victory)
• Battle of Çapakçur (Ottoman victory)
• Battle of Erzincan (Russian victory)
• Battle of Bitlis (Russian victory)
• Battle of Kop Mount (Russian victory)

1917

• Senenj-Kermanshah offensive (Russian victory)

1918

• Battle of Goychay (Ottoman victory)
• Battle of Choloki (1918) (Transcaucasian victory)
• Battle of Binagadi (Ottoman victory)
• Battle of Kurdamir (Ottoman victory)
• Battle of Abaran (Armenian victory)
• Battle of Karakilisa (Armenian victory)
• Battle of Baku (Ottoman victory)
• Battle of Sardarabad (Decisive Armenian victory)
• Bicheharov offensive in Dagestan (White Russian victory)
  • First siege of Petrovsk (Russian victory)
• Izzet Pasha's offensive in Dagestan (Ottoman victory)
• Dagestan Campaign (1918) (The Biceharists successfully counteract the Turks, but are forced to temporarily leave Dagestan; Ottoman output from Dagestan)
  • Battle of Tarkin heights (Ky Russian victory; Ottomans failure to capture Petrovsk)
  • Battle of Mammadkali (Key Russian victory; The Biceharists maintain the unity of the Army, the Turks temporarily retreat)
  • Second Siege of Petrovsk (Ottoman victory)

Serbian Campaign

• Battle of Cer
• Srem Offensive
• First bombardment of mount Lovćen
• Battle of Drina
• Second bombardment of mount Lovćen
• Battle of Kolubara
• Battle of Morava
• Battle of Kosovo (1915)
• Battle of Ovche Pole
• Montenegrin campaign
  • Battle of Mojkovac
  • Third bombardment of mount Lovćen

Gallipoli Campaign

The Gallipoli Campaign (also called the "Dardanelles Campaign"), was a number of battles fought between 1915 and 1916.

• Landing at Anzac Cove
• Landing at Cape Helles
• First Battle of Krithia
• Second Battle of Krithia
• Third Battle of Krithia
• Battle of Gully Ravine
• Battle of Sari Bair
• Battle of Krithia Vineyard
• Battle of Lone Pine
• Battle of the Nek
• Battle of Chunuk Bair
• Battle of Hill 60 (Gallipoli)
• Battle of Scimitar Hill
• Naval operations in the Dardanelles Campaign

Macedonian front

• Battle of Krivolak
• Battle of Kosturino
• 1st Battle of Doiran
• Battle of Florina
• Battle of Struma
• Monastir Offensive
  • Battle of Malka Nidzhe
  • Battle of Kajmakchalan
  • 1st Battle of Cerna Bend
• 2nd Battle of Monastir
• 2nd Battle of Doiran
• 2nd Battle of Cerna Bend
• Battle of Skra-di-Legen
• Vardar Offensive
  • Battle of Dobro Pole
  • 3rd Battle of Doiran

Sinai and Palestine Campaign

• First Suez Offensive
• Battle of Romani or "The Second Suez Offensive"
• Battle of Bir el Abd
• Battle of Magdhaba
• Battle of Rafa
• Battle of Mughar Ridge
• Battle of Jerusalem
• Fall of Damascus
• First Battle of Gaza
• Second Battle of Gaza
• Third Battle of Gaza or the "Battle of Beersheba"
• Battle of Beersheba
• Battle of Megiddo

Mesopotamian Campaign

• Fao Landing
• Fall of Basra
• Battle of Qurna
• Battle of Shaiba
• Capture of Amara
• Battle of Nasiriyah
• Battle of Es Sinn
• Battle of Ctesiphon
• Siege of Kut
  • Battle of Sheikh Sa'ad
  • Battle of the Wadi
  • Battle of Hanna
  • Battle of Dujaila Redoubt
  • First Battle of Kut
• Battle of Khanaqin
• Second Battle of Kut
• Fall of Baghdad
• Samarra offensive
• Battle of Jebel Hamlin
• Battle of Istabulat
• Battle of Ramadi
• Capture of Tikrit
• Battle of Sharqat

African theatre of World War I

• Fall of Cameroon
• Fall of German South-West Africa (Namibia)
• Fall of Togo
• Fall of German East Africa
• Senussi Campaign
• Battle of Tanga or Battle of the Bees
• Battle of Rufiji Delta
• Battle of Kilimanjaro
• Battle of Sandfontein
• Battle of Segale
• Battle of Agagia
• Battle of Chra
• Battle of Namacurra
• Battle of Lioma

Asia-Pacific theatre

• Swedish intervention in Persia
• Siege of Tsingtao
• Occupation of German Samoa
• Battle of Bita Paka
• Siege of Toma
• Central Asian revolt of 1916
• Kelentan Rebellion
• Japanese Occupation Of German Pacific Colonial Possessions

Naval engagements

Atlantic Theatre

• First Battle of Heligoland Bight (1914)
• Battle of Coronel (1914)
• Battle of the Falkland Islands (1914)
• Raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby (1914)
• Battle of Dogger Bank (1915)
• Otranto Barrage (1915–1918)
• Battle of Jutland (1916)
• Battle of Dover Strait (1917)
• Second Battle of Heligoland Bight (1917)
• Zeebrugge Raid (1918)

Mediterranean

• Pursuit of Goeben and Breslau (1914)
• Naval operations in the Dardanelles Campaign (1915–1916)
• Battle of the Otranto Straits (1917)
• Battle of Imbros (1918)

Asia-Pacific Theatre

• Battle of Rabaul
• Battle of Tsingtao (1914)
• Battle of Penang (1914)
• Battle of Coronel (1914)
• Battle of Cocos (1914)
• Japanese Occupation Of German Pacific Colonial Possessions

Air engagements

World War I was the first war to see major use of planes for offensive, defensive and reconnaissance operations, and both the Entente Powers and the Central Powers used planes extensively. Almost as soon as they were invented, planes were drafted for military service.

See also the following articles:

• Aviation in World War I
• Aviation history (1914–1918)
• Flying aces
• List of World War I flying aces
• Strategic bombing during World War I
• Zeppelins in World War I

Co-belligerent conflicts

These conflicts are considered part of the First World War because one or more of the combatants were aligned with a main belligerent power which may have provided materiel, military, financial, or political support.

Pre-First World War

• Mexican Revolution (1910–1920)
• Italo-Turkish War (1911–1912)
• First Balkan War (1912–13)
• Second Balkan War (1913)
• Muscat rebellion (1913–20)
• Zaian War (1914–21)
• Kurdish rebellions during World War I (1914–17)

During the First World War

• Maritz Rebellion (1914–15)
• Easter Rising (1916)
• Warlord Era (1916–1928)
• Senussi Campaign (1915–17)
• Arab Revolt (1916–1918)
• Russian Revolution (1917)
• Finnish Civil War (1918)
• Russian Civil War (1918–22)
  • North Russia Campaign (1918–19)
  • Russian westward offensive (1918–19)

Post-First World War

• Greater Poland Uprising (1918–19)
• Hungarian-Romanian War (1918–19)
• Polish-Soviet War (1919–21)
• Latvian War of Independence (1918–20)
• Irish War of Independence (1919–21)
• Turkish War of Independence (1919–23)
• Greco-Turkish War (1919–22)
• Vlora War (1920)
• Irish Civil War (1922–23)

References

Sources

• James M. McPherson; Stephen B. Oates; Celab Carr; Geoffrey Ward; Richard M. Ketchum; et al. (2001). Robert Cowley; Geoffrey Parker (eds.). A Reader's Campanion to Military History (Paperback ed.). Houghton Mifflin Company. ISBN 0-618-12742-9.
• Олейников, Алексей (2016). Россия-щит Антанты. С предисловием Николая Старикова. St. Petersburg: Питер. ISBN 978-5-496-01795-4.
• Брусилов, Алексей (2023). Мои воспоминания. Из царской армии в Красную. Moscow: Москва. ISBN 978-5-04-176827-0.