Timeline of operating systems


Timeline of operating systems


This article presents a timeline of events in the history of computer operating systems from 1951 to the current day. For a narrative explaining the overall developments, see the History of operating systems.

1950s

  • 1951
    • LEO I 'Lyons Electronic Office' was the commercial development of EDSAC computing platform, supported by British firm J. Lyons and Co.
  • 1953
    • DYSEAC - an early machine capable of distributing computing
  • 1955
    • General Motors Operating System made for IBM 701
    • MIT's Tape Director operating system made for UNIVAC 1103
  • 1956
    • GM-NAA I/O for IBM 704, based on General Motors Operating System
  • 1957
    • Atlas Supervisor (Manchester University) (Atlas computer project start)
    • BESYS (Bell Labs), for IBM 704, later IBM 7090 and IBM 7094
  • 1958
    • University of Michigan Executive System (UMES), for IBM 704, 709, and 7090
  • 1959
    • SHARE Operating System (SOS), based on GM-NAA I/O

1960s

  • 1960
    • IBSYS (IBM for its 7090 and 7094)
  • 1961
    • CTSS demonstration (MIT's Compatible Time-Sharing System for the IBM 7094)
    • MCP (Burroughs Master Control Program) for B5000
  • 1962
    • Atlas Supervisor (Manchester University) (Atlas computer commissioned)
    • BBN Time-Sharing System
    • GCOS (GE's General Comprehensive Operating System, originally GECOS, General Electric Comprehensive Operating Supervisor)
  • 1963
    • ADMIRAL
    • AN/FSQ-32, another early time-sharing system begun
    • CTSS becomes operational (MIT's Compatible Time-Sharing System for the IBM 7094)
    • JOSS, an interactive time-shared system that did not distinguish between operating system and language
    • Titan Supervisor, early time-sharing system begun
  • 1964
    • Berkeley Timesharing System (for Scientific Data Systems' SDS 940)
    • Chippewa Operating System (for CDC 6600 supercomputer)
    • Dartmouth Time Sharing System (Dartmouth College's DTSS for GE computers)
    • EXEC 8 (UNIVAC)
    • KDF9 Timesharing Director (English Electric) – an early, fully hardware secured, fully pre-emptive process switching, multi-programming operating system for KDF9 (originally announced in 1960)
    • OS/360 (IBM's primary OS for its S/360 series) (announced)
    • PDP-6 Monitor (DEC) descendant renamed TOPS-10 in 1970
    • SCOPE (CDC 3000 series)
  • 1965
    • BOS/360 (IBM's Basic Operating System)
    • DECsys
    • TOS/360 (IBM's Tape Operating System)
    • Livermore Time Sharing System (LTSS)
    • Multics (MIT, GE, Bell Labs for the GE-645) (announced)
    • Pick operating system
    • SIPROS 66 (Simultaneous Processing Operating System)
    • THE multiprogramming system (Technische Hogeschool Eindhoven) development
    • TSOS (later VMOS) (RCA)
  • 1966
    • DOS/360 (IBM's Disk Operating System)
    • GEORGE 1 & 2 for ICT 1900 series
    • Mod 1
    • Mod 2
    • Mod 8
    • MS/8 (Richard F. Lary's DEC PDP-8 system)
    • MSOS (Mass Storage Operating System)
    • OS/360 (IBM's primary OS for its S/360 series) PCP and MFT (shipped)
    • RAX
    • Remote Users of Shared Hardware (RUSH), a time-sharing system developed by Allen-Babcock for the IBM 360/50
    • SODA for Elwro's Odra 1204
    • Universal Time-Sharing System (XDS Sigma series)
  • 1967
    • CP-40, predecessor to CP-67 on modified IBM System/360 Model 40
    • CP-67 (IBM, also known as CP/CMS)
    • Conversational Programming System (CPS), an IBM time-sharing system under OS/360
    • Michigan Terminal System (MTS) (time-sharing system for the IBM S/360-67 and successors)
    • ITS (MIT's Incompatible Timesharing System for the DEC PDP-6 and PDP-10)
    • OS/360 MVT
    • ORVYL (Stanford University's time-sharing system for the IBM S/360-67)
    • TSS/360 (IBM's Time-sharing System for the S/360-67, never officially released, canceled in 1969 and again in 1971)
    • WAITS (SAIL, Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, time-sharing system for DEC PDP-6 and PDP-10, later TOPS-10)
  • 1968
    • Airline Control Program (ACP) (IBM)
    • CALL/360, an IBM time-sharing system for System/360
    • THE multiprogramming system (Eindhoven University of Technology) publication
    • TSS/8 (DEC for the PDP-8)
    • VP/CSS
  • 1969
    • GEORGE 3 For ICL 1900 series
    • Multics (MIT, GE, Bell Labs for the GE-645 and later the Honeywell 6180) (opened for paying customers in October)
    • RC 4000 Multiprogramming System (RC)
    • TENEX (Bolt, Beranek and Newman for DEC systems, later TOPS-20)
    • Unics (later Unix) (AT&T, initially on DEC computers)
    • Xerox Operating System

1970s

  • 1970
    • DOS-11 (PDP-11)
  • 1971
    • EMAS
    • Kronos
    • RSTS-11 2A-19 (First released version; PDP-11)
    • RSX-15
    • OS/8
  • 1972
    • COS-300
    • Data General RDOS
    • Edos
    • MUSIC/SP
    • OS/4
    • OS 1100
    • Operating System/Virtual Storage 1 (OS/VS1)
    • Operating System/Virtual Storage 2 R1 (OS/VS2 SVS)
    • PRIMOS (written in FORTRAN IV, that didn't have pointers, while later versions, around version 18, written in a version of PL/I, called PL/P)
    • Virtual Machine/Basic System Extensions Program Product (BSEPP or VM/SE)
    • Virtual Machine/System Extensions Program Product (SEPP or VM/BSE)
    • Virtual Machine Facility/370 (VM/370), sometimes known as VM/CMS
  • 1973
    • Эльбрус-1 (Elbrus-1) – Soviet computer – created using high-level language uЭль-76 (AL-76/ALGOL 68)
    • Alto OS
    • CP-V (Control Program V)
    • RSX-11D
    • RT-11
    • VME – implementation language S3 (ALGOL 68)
  • 1974
    • ACOS-2 (NEC)
    • ACOS-4
    • ACOS-6
    • CP/M
    • DOS-11 V09-20C (Last stable release, June 1974)
    • Hydra – capability-based, multiprocessing OS kernel
    • MONECS
    • Multi-Programming Executive (MPE) – Hewlett-Packard
    • Operating System/Virtual Storage 2 R2 (MVS)
    • OS/7
    • OS/16
    • OS/32
    • Sintran III
  • 1975
    • BS2000 V2.0 (First released version)
    • COS-350
    • ISIS
    • NOS (Control Data Corporation)
    • OS/3 (Univac)
    • VS/9 (formerly RCA's TSOS, later named VMOS)
    • Version 6 Unix
    • XVM/DOS
    • XVM/RSX
  • 1976
    • Cambridge CAP computer – all operating system procedures written in ALGOL 68C, with some closely associated protected procedures in BCPL
    • Cray Operating System
    • DX10
    • FLEX
    • TOPS-20
    • TX990/TXDS
    • Tandem Nonstop OS v1
    • Thoth
  • 1977
    • 1BSD
    • AMOS
    • KERNAL
    • OASIS operating system
    • OS68
    • OS4000
    • RMX-80
    • System Support Program (IBM System/34 and System/36)
    • TRSDOS
    • Virtual Memory System (VMS) V1.0 (Initial commercial release, October 25)
    • VRX (Virtual Resource eXecutive)
  • 1978
    • 2BSD
    • Apple DOS
    • Control Program Facility (IBM System/38)
    • Cray Time Sharing System (CTSS)
    • DPCX (IBM)
    • DPPX (IBM)
    • HDOS
    • KSOS – secure OS design from Ford Aerospace
    • KVM/370 – security retro-fit of IBM VM/370
    • Lisp machine (CADR)
    • MVS/System Extensions (MVS/SE)
    • OS4 (Naked Mini 4)
    • PTDOS
    • TRIPOS
    • UCSD p-System (First released version)
  • 1979
    • Atari DOS
    • 3BSD
    • CP-6
    • Idris
    • MP/M
    • MVS/System Extensions R2 (MVS/SE2)
    • NLTSS
    • POS
    • Sinclair BASIC
    • Transaction Processing Facility (TPF) (IBM)
    • UCLA Secure UNIX – an early secure UNIX OS based on security kernel
    • UNIX/32V
    • DOS/VSE
    • Version 7 Unix

1980s

  • 1980
    • 86-DOS
    • AOS/VS (Data General)
    • Business Operating System
    • CTOS
    • MVS/System Product (MVS/SP) V1
    • NewDos/80
    • OS-9
    • RMX-86
    • RS-DOS
    • SOS
    • Virtual Machine/System Product (VM/SP)
    • Xenix
  • 1981
    • Acorn MOS
    • Aegis SR1 (First Apollo/DOMAIN systems shipped on March 27)
    • CP/M-86
    • iMAX – OS for Intel's iAPX 432 capability machine
    • MCS (Multi-user Control System)
    • MS-DOS
    • PC DOS
    • Pilot (Xerox Star operating system)
    • UNOS
    • UTS
    • V
    • VERSAdos
    • VRTX
    • VSOS (Virtual Storage Operating System)
    • Xinu first release
  • 1982
    • Commodore DOS
    • LDOS (By Logical Systems, Inc. – for the Radio Shack TRS-80 Models I, II & III)
    • pSOS
    • QNX
    • Stratus VOS
    • Sun UNIX (later SunOS) 0.7
    • Ultrix
    • Unix System III
    • VAXELN
  • 1983
    • Coherent
    • DNIX
    • EOS
    • GNU (project start)
    • Lisa Office System 7/7
    • LOCUS – UNIX compatible, high reliability, distributed OS
    • MVS/System Product V2 (MVS/Extended Architecture, MVS/XA)
    • Novell NetWare (S-Net)
    • PERPOS
    • ProDOS
    • RTU (Real-Time Unix)
    • STOP – TCSEC A1-class, secure OS for SCOMP hardware
    • SunOS 1.0
    • VSE/System Package (VSE/SP) Version 1
  • 1984
    • AMSDOS
    • CTIX (Unix variant)
    • DYNIX
    • Mac OS (System 1.0)
    • MSX-DOS
    • NOS/VE
    • PANOS
    • PC/IX
    • ROS
    • Sinclair QDOS
    • QNX
    • SINIX
    • UNICOS
    • Venix 2.0
    • Virtual Machine/Extended Architecture Migration Assistance (VM/XA MA)
  • 1985
    • AmigaOS
    • Atari TOS
    • DG/UX
    • DOS Plus
    • Graphics Environment Manager
    • Harmony
    • MIPS RISC/os
    • Oberon – written in Oberon
    • SunOS 2.0
    • Version 8 Unix
    • Virtual Machine/Extended Architecture System Facility (VM/XA SF)
    • Windows 1.0
    • Windows 1.01
    • Xenix 2.0
  • 1986
    • AIX 1.0
    • Cronus distributed OS
    • FlexOS
    • GEMSOS – TCSEC A1-class, secure kernel for BLACKER VPN & GTNP
    • GEOS
    • Genera 7.0
    • HP-UX
    • SunOS 3.0
    • TRIX
    • Version 9 Unix
  • 1987
    • Arthur (much improved version came in 1989 under the name RISC OS)
    • BS2000 V9.0
    • IRIX (3.0 is first SGI version)
    • MDOS
    • MINIX 1.0
    • OS/2 (1.0)
    • PC-MOS/386
    • Topaz – semi-distributed OS for DEC Firefly workstation written in Modula-2+ and garbage collected
    • Windows 2.0
  • 1988
    • A/UX (Apple Computer)
    • AOS/VS II (Data General)
    • CP/M rebranded as DR-DOS
    • Flex machine – tagged, capability machine with OS and other software written in ALGOL 68RS
    • GS/OS
    • HeliOS 1.0
    • KeyKOS – capability-based microkernel for IBM mainframes with automated persistence of app data
    • LynxOS
    • Mac OS (System 6)
    • MVS/System Product V3 (MVS/Enterprise Systems Architecture, MVS/ESA)
    • OS/2 (1.1)
    • OS/400
    • RISC iX
    • SpartaDOS X
    • SunOS 4.0
    • TOPS-10 7.04 (Last stable release, July 1988)
    • Virtual Machine/Extended Architecture System Product (VM/XA SP)
    • VAX VMM – TCSEC A1-class, VMM for VAX computers (limited use before cancellation)
  • 1989
    • Army Secure Operating System (ASOS) – TCSEC A1-class secure, real-time OS for Ada applications
    • EPOC (EPOC16)
    • NeXTSTEP (1.0)
    • OS/2 (1.2)
    • RISC OS (First release was to be called Arthur 2, but was renamed to RISC OS 2, and was first sold as RISC OS 2.00 in April 1989)
    • SCO UNIX (Release 3)
    • TSX-32
    • Version 10 Unix
    • Xenix 2.3.4 (Last stable release)

1990s

  • 1990
    • AIX 3.0
    • AmigaOS 2.0
    • BeOS (v1)
    • DOS/V
    • Genera 8.0
    • iS-DOS
    • LOCK – TCSEC A1-class secure system with kernel & hardware support for type enforcement
    • MVS/ESA SP Version 4
    • Novell NetWare 3
    • OS/2 1.3
    • OSF/1
    • RTEMS
    • PC/GEOS
    • Windows 3.0
    • Virtual Machine/Enterprise Systems Architecture (VM/XA ESA)
    • VSE/Enterprise Systems Architecture (VSE/ESA) Version 1
  • 1991
    • Amoeba – microkernel-based, POSIX-compliant, distributed OS
    • GNO/ME
    • Linux 0.01-0.1
    • Mac OS (System 7)
    • MINIX 1.5
    • PenPoint OS
    • RISC OS 3
    • SUNMOS
    • Trusted Xenix – rewritten & security enhanced Xenix evaluated at TCSEC B2-class
  • 1992
    • 386BSD 0.1
    • Amiga Unix 2.01 (Latest stable release)
    • AmigaOS 3.0
    • BSD/386, by BSDi and later known as BSD/OS.
    • LGX
    • OpenVMS V1.0 (First OpenVMS AXP (Alpha) specific version, November 1992)
    • OS/2 2.0 (First i386 32-bit based version)
    • Plan 9 First Edition (First public release was made available to universities)
    • RSTS/E 10.1 (Last stable release, September 1992)
    • SLS
    • Solaris 2.0 (Successor to SunOS 4.x; based on SVR4 instead of BSD)
    • Windows 3.1
  • 1993
    • IBM 4690 Operating System
    • FreeBSD
    • NetBSD
    • Novell NetWare 4
    • Newton OS
    • Nucleus RTOS
    • Open Genera 1.0
    • OS 2200 (Unisys)
    • OS/2 2.1
    • PTS-DOS
    • Slackware 1.0
    • Spring
    • Windows NT 3.1 (First Windows NT kernel public release)
  • 1994
    • AIX 4.0, 4.1
    • IBM MVS/ESA SP Version 5
    • NetBSD 1.0 (First multi-platform release, October 1994)
    • OS/2 Warp 3.0
    • Red Hat
    • RISC OS 3.5
    • SPIN – extensible OS written in Modula-3
  • 1995
    • Digital UNIX (aka Tru64 UNIX)
    • OpenBSD
    • OS/390
    • Plan 9 Second Edition (Commercial second release version was made available to the general public.)
    • Ultrix 4.5 (Last major release)
    • Windows 95
  • 1996
    • AIX 4.2
    • Debian 1.1
    • JN – microkernel OS for embedded, Java apps
    • Mac OS 7.6 (First officially-named Mac OS)
    • OS/2 Warp 4.0
    • Palm OS
    • RISC OS 3.6
    • Windows NT 4.0
    • Windows CE 1.0
  • 1997
    • AIX 4.3
    • DR-WebSpyder 1.0
    • EPOC (EPOC32)
    • Inferno
    • Mac OS 8
    • MINIX 2.0
    • Nemesis
    • RISC OS 3.7
    • SkyOS
    • Windows CE 2.0
  • 1998
    • DR-WebSpyder 2.0
    • Junos
    • Novell NetWare 5
    • RT-11 5.7 (Last stable release, October 1998)
    • Solaris 7 (first 64-bit Solaris release – names from this point drop "2.", otherwise would've been Solaris 2.7)
    • Windows 98
  • 1999
    • AROS (Boot for the first time in Stand Alone version)
    • Inferno Second Edition (Last distribution (Release 2.3, c. July 1999) from Lucent's Inferno Business Unit)
    • Mac OS 9
    • OS/2 Warp 4.5
    • RISC OS 4
    • Windows 98 (2nd edition)

2000s

2010s

2020s

See also

  • Comparison of operating systems
  • List of operating systems
  • Comparison of real-time operating systems
  • Timeline of DOS operating systems
  • Timeline of Linux distributions (Diagram 1992–2010)

References

External links

  • UNIX History – a timeline of UNIX 1969 and its descendants at present
  • Concise Microsoft O.S. Timeline – a color-coded concise timeline for various Microsoft operating systems (1981–present)
  • Bitsavers – an effort to capture, salvage, and archive historical computer software and manuals from minicomputers and mainframes of the 1950s, 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s
  • A brief history of operating systems
  • Microsoft operating system time-line

Text submitted to CC-BY-SA license. Source: Timeline of operating systems by Wikipedia (Historical)


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