The 100th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 1987, to January 3, 1989, during the last two years of Ronald Reagan's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1980 United States census.
This is the most recent Congress with a Democratic senator from the state of Mississippi, John C. Stennis, who retired at the end of Congress, and a Republican senator from the state of Connecticut, Lowell Weicker, who lost re-election in 1988.
Both chambers had a Democratic majority, with the Democrats increasing their lead in the House, and regaining the Senate for the first time since the 96th Congress from 1979 to 1981.
Major events
October 19, 1987: Black Monday: Stocks fell sharply on Wall Street and around the world
October 23, 1987: The Senate rejected the nomination of Robert H. Bork to the United States Supreme Court on a vote of 42-58
November 18, 1987: Iran–Contra affair: Senate and House panels released reports charging President Reagan with 'ultimate responsibility' for the affair
January 25, 1988: 1988 State of the Union Address
November 8, 1988: 1988 United States presidential election: George Bush was elected over Michael Dukakis; United States Senate elections, 1988 & United States House of Representatives elections, 1988: Democrats retained control of Congress
Major legislation
April 2, 1987: Surface Transportation and Uniform Relocation Assistance Act, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 100–17, 101 Stat. 132
July 22, 1987: McKinney–Vento Homeless Assistance Act, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 100–77, 101 Stat. 482
August 20, 1987: Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Improvement Act of 1987, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 100–107, 101 Stat. 724
September 29, 1987: Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Reaffirmation Act of 1987 (Gramm–Rudman–Hollings Balanced Budget Act), Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 100–119, title I
January 7, 1988: Computer Security Act of 1987, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 100–235, 101 Stat. 1724
March 22, 1988: Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987 Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 100–259
June 27, 1988: Supreme Court Case Selections Act of 1988, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 100–352, 102 Stat. 662
July 1, 1988: Medicare Catastrophic Coverage Act, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 100–360, 102 Stat. 683
August 4, 1988: Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 100–379, 102 Stat. 890
August 10, 1988: Civil Liberties Act of 1988, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 100–383, title I, 101 Stat. 904
October 13, 1988: Family Support Act, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 100–485, 102 Stat. 2343
October 17, 1988: Indian Gaming Regulatory Act, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 100–497, 102 Stat. 2467
October 24, 1988: Health Maintenance Organization Amendments of 1988, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 100–517, 102 Stat. 2578
October 25, 1988: Department of Veterans Affairs Act, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 100–527, 102 Stat. 2635
November 4, 1988: AIDS amendments of 1988, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 100–607, 102 Stat. 3048
November 17, 1988: Water Resources Development Act of 1988, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 100–676
November 18, 1988: Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 100–690, including Child Protection and Obscenity Enforcement Act and Alcoholic Beverage Labeling Act
Treaties ratified
May 27, 1988: Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty
Hearings
May 6, 1987: Iran–Contra affair hearings began
October 23, 1987: Robert Bork Supreme Court nomination: Senate rejected Robert Bork's nomination 42–58 to the Supreme Court of the United States
February 3, 1988: Senate approved Anthony Kennedy's nomination 97–0 to the Supreme Court of the United States
Party summary
Senate
House of Representatives
Leadership
Senate
President: George Bush (R)
President pro tempore: John Stennis (D)
Deputy President pro tempore: George J. Mitchell (D)
Majority (Democratic) leadership
Majority Leader, Democratic Conference Chairman, and Democratic Policy Committee Chairman: Robert Byrd
Majority Whip: Alan Cranston
Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: John Kerry
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.
Senate
Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress, In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1988; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1990; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1992.
House of Representatives
Changes in membership
Senate
House of Representatives
Committees
Lists of committees and their party leaders for members of the House and Senate committees can be found through the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of this article. The directory after the pages of terms of service lists committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and, after that, House/Senate committee assignments. On the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.
Senate
Aging (Special) (Chair: John Melcher)
Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry (Chair: Patrick Leahy; Ranking Member: Richard G. Lugar)
Agricultural Credit (Chair: David L. Boren; Ranking Member: Rudy Boschwitz)
Agricultural Production and Stabilization of Prices (Chair: John Melcher; Ranking Member: Jesse Helms)
Agricultural Research and General Legislation (Chair: Kent Conrad; Ranking Member: Pete Wilson)
Domestic, Foreign Marketing and Product Promotion (Chair: David Pryor; Ranking Member: Thad Cochran)
Nutrition and Investigations (Chair: Tom Harkin; Ranking Member: Bob Dole)
Rural Development and Rural Electrification (Chair: Howell Heflin; Ranking Member: Mitch McConnell)
Appropriations (Chair: John C. Stennis; Ranking Member: Mark O. Hatfield)
Agriculture, Rural Development and Related Agencies (Chair: Quentin N. Burdick; Ranking Member: Thad Cochran)
Commerce, Justice, State, Judiciary and Related Agencies (Chair: Ernest Hollings; Ranking Member: Warren Rudman)
Defense (Chair: John Stennis; Ranking Member: Ted Stevens)
District of Columbia (Chair: Tom Harkin; Ranking Member: Don Nickles)
Energy and Water Development (Chair: J. Bennett Johnston; Ranking Member: Mark O. Hatfield)
Foreign Operations (Chair: Daniel Inouye; Ranking Member: Bob Kasten)
HUD-Independent Agencies (Chair: William Proxmire; Ranking Member: Jake Garn)
Interior and Related Agencies (Chair: Robert C. Byrd; Ranking Member: James A. McClure)
Labor-Health, Human Services, Education and Related Agencies (Chair: Lawton Chiles; Ranking Member: Lowell P. Weicker)
Hospitals and Health Care (Chair: Gillespie V. Montgomery; Ranking Member: John Paul Hammerschmidt)
Compensation, Pension and Insurance (Chair: Douglas Applegate; Ranking Member: Bill McCollum)
Education, Training and Employment (Chair: Wayne Dowdy; Ranking Member: Chris Smith)
Oversight and Investigations (Chair: Lane Evans; Ranking Member: Bob Stump)
Housing and Memorial Affairs (Chair: Marcy Kaptur; Ranking Member: Dan Burton)
Ways and Means (Chair: Dan Rostenkowski; Ranking Member: John J. Duncan)
Health (Chair: Pete Stark; Ranking Member: Willis D. Gradison Jr.)
Oversight (Chair: J.J. Pickle; Ranking Member: Richard T. Schulze)
Public Assistance and Unemployment Compensation (Chair: Thomas J. Downey; Ranking Member: Hank Brown)
Select Revenue Measures (Chair: Charles Rangel; Ranking Member: Guy Vander Jagt)
Social Security (Chair: Andrew Jacobs Jr.; Ranking Member: Bill Archer)
Trade (Chair: Sam Gibbons; Ranking Member: Phil Crane)
Whole
Joint committees
Deficit Reduction
Economic (Chair: Sen. Paul Sarbanes; Vice Chair: Rep. Lee H. Hamilton)
Taxation (Chair: Rep. Dan Rostenkowski; Vice Chair: Sen. Lloyd Bentsen)
The Library (Chair: Sen. Claiborne Pell; Vice Chair: Rep. Frank Annunzio)
Printing (Chair: Rep. Frank Annunzio; Vice Chair: Sen. Wendell Ford)
Employees
Legislative branch agency directors
Architect of the Capitol: George M. White
Attending Physician of the United States Congress: William Narva
Comptroller General of the United States: Charles A. Bowsher
Director of the Congressional Budget Office: Rudolph G. Penner, until April 28, 1987
Edward Gramlich, April 28, 1987–December 1987
James L. Blum Jr. (acting), starting December 1987
Librarian of Congress: Daniel J. Boorstin, until September 12, 1987
James H. Billington, from September 14, 1987
Public Printer of the United States: Ralph E. Kennickell Jr., until 1988
Joseph E. Jenifer, from 1988
Senate
Secretary: Walter J. Stewart
Librarian: Roger K. Haley
Secretary for the Majority: C. Abbott Saffold
Secretary for the Minority: Howard O. Greene Jr.
Sergeant at Arms: Henry K. Giugni
Parliamentarian: Alan Frumin
Curator: James R. Ketchum
Historian: Richard A. Baker
Chaplain: Richard C. Halverson (Presbyterian)
House of Representatives
Clerk: Donnald K. Anderson
Sergeant at Arms: Jack Russ
Doorkeeper: James T. Molloy
Parliamentarian: William Holmes Brown
Postmaster: Robert V. Rota
Reading Clerks:
Meg Goetz (D)
Bob Berry along with Paul Hays (starting 1988) (R)
Historian: Ray Smock
Chaplain: James D. Ford (Lutheran)
See also: Rules of the House: "Other officers and officials"
See also
List of new members of the 100th United States Congress
1986 United States elections (elections leading to this Congress)
1986 United States Senate elections
1986 United States House of Representatives elections
1988 United States elections (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
1988 United States presidential election
1988 United States Senate elections
1988 United States House of Representatives elections
Notes
References
Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
External links
Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
U.S. House of Representatives: Congressional History
U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists
"Videos of House of Representatives Sessions for the 100th Congress from www.C-SPAN.org".
"Videos of Senate Sessions for the 100th Congress from www.C-SPAN.org".
"Videos of Committees from the House and Senate for the 100th Congress from www.C-SPAN.org".
House of Representatives Session Calendar for the 100th Congress(PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on September 20, 2018. Retrieved December 11, 2018.
Congressional Pictorial Directory for the 100th Congress.
Official Congressional Directory for the 100th Congress.