Presidential primaries and caucuses are being held to select delegates to the 2024 Republican National Convention to determine the party's nominee for president in the 2024 United States presidential election. The Republican primaries and caucuses have taken place or will take place in all 50 U.S. states, the District of Columbia, and five U.S. territories between January and June 2024. The 2024 Republican National Convention is scheduled to be held in July at the Fiserv Forum in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

In 2023, a crowded field of candidates emerged, including Florida governor Ron DeSantis, former Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley, wealth management executive Vivek Ramaswamy, and former president Donald Trump. Trump has maintained a consistent lead in primary polling since 2020. Among non-Trump candidates, DeSantis initially polled in a close second behind Trump, but his polling numbers steadily declined throughout 2023. Ramaswamy experienced a polling surge in mid-2023, but this surge proved to be brief. Haley's campaign began picking up steam in the final months of 2023, though neither she nor any other candidate came close to Trump in polling. The Republican primaries were referred to as a "race for second" due to Trump's consistent lead in polls.

At the January 15 Iowa caucuses, Trump posted a landslide victory, with DeSantis narrowly beating out Haley for second place and Ramaswamy in a distant fourth. Following the Iowa caucuses, Ramaswamy and DeSantis dropped out of the race and endorsed Trump, leaving Trump and Haley as the only remaining major candidates. Trump then defeated Haley in the January 23 New Hampshire primary, albeit by a smaller margin of victory than he achieved in Iowa; he defeated Haley again in the February 24 South Carolina primary a month later. After Trump's overwhelming victories nationwide on Super Tuesday, Haley suspended her campaign on March 6, having only won Vermont and the District of Columbia.

Some Republicans have expressed concerns about Trump's candidacy due to his loss in 2020, his alleged role in inciting the January 6 United States Capitol attack, his ongoing criminal indictments, and the results of the 2022 midterms (in which several Trump-endorsed candidates lost key races). However, many others have supported him and decried the investigations as politically motivated. Trump maintains high favorability ratings among Republican voters. Trump's eligibility to appear on the ballot was challenged by some voters and political leaders in Colorado, Maine and Illinois, but these efforts were rejected by the Supreme Court of the United States in a unanimous decision. Trump became the presumptive nominee on March 12, with his victory in the Washington primary bringing him over the 1,215 delegate threshold needed to clinch the nomination.

Results

Candidates

As of April 2024, more than 400 candidates have filed with the Federal Election Commission (FEC) to run for the Republican presidential nomination in 2024.

Presumptive nominee

Other candidates

• John Anthony Castro, tax consultant and perennial candidate from Texas

Withdrew during the primaries

Other candidates

• Ryan Binkley, pastor and businessman from Texas (withdrew February 27, 2024; endorsed Trump)
• E. W. Jackson, pastor and nominee for lieutenant governor of Virginia in 2013 (withdrew January 23, 2024; endorsed Trump)

Withdrew before the primaries

Other candidates

• Steve Laffey, mayor of Cranston, Rhode Island (2003–2007) and COO of Raymond James Morgan Keegan (2000–2001) (withdrew October 6, 2023)
• Corey Stapleton, Secretary of State of Montana (2017–2021) and Montana State Senator (2001–2009) (withdrew October 13, 2023)

Timeline

2022

November 2022

A week after the 2022 midterm elections, former president Donald Trump announced at Mar-a-Lago that he would run again for the presidency in 2024. Trump is the first former president to run for president after leaving office since Herbert Hoover did so in 1940. If he wins the Republican nomination, he will be the first Republican to be nominated for president three separate times since Richard Nixon (Republican nominee in 1960, 1968, and 1972). If elected, Trump would become the only president other than Grover Cleveland to serve two non-consecutive terms.

2023

February 2023

On February 14, former South Carolina governor and former U.N. ambassador Nikki Haley released a video announcing her presidential candidacy.

On February 21, businessman Vivek Ramaswamy announced his presidential candidacy on Tucker Carlson Tonight.

March 2023

On March 2, businessman Perry Johnson, who had been deemed ineligible to appear on the Republican primary ballot in the 2022 Michigan gubernatorial election due to allegedly fraudulent signatures, announced his intent to run for president in 2024.

April 2023

On April 2, former Arkansas governor Asa Hutchinson announced his candidacy during an interview with ABC News' Jonathan Karl. On April 6, Hutchinson filed candidate paperwork with the Federal Election Commission.

On April 12, Sen. Tim Scott of South Carolina announced an exploratory committee to run for president.

On April 20, radio host and former California gubernatorial candidate Larry Elder announced his campaign on Tucker Carlson Tonight.

May 2023

On May 19, Tim Scott submitted FEC paperwork to run. He announced his presidential run publicly on May 22.

On May 24, Florida governor and former U.S. representative Ron DeSantis submitted his FEC paperwork to run, and announced that he was running for president during a Twitter Spaces interview with Twitter owner Elon Musk.

June 2023

On June 5, former Vice President Mike Pence filed paperwork to run for president and North Dakota governor Doug Burgum released a campaign video. Pence's candidacy made him the first vice president to run against the president under whom he served since John Nance Garner in 1940.

On June 6, Burgum published an announcement opinion-editorial piece announcing his presidential run in the Wall Street Journal, making him the first person born in North Dakota to seek a major party's president nomination. The same day, former New Jersey governor and 2016 presidential candidate Chris Christie publicly announced a presidential campaign in New Hampshire.

On June 7, Pence publicly announced his bid with a campaign video. Also, Burgum delivered a public announcement speech in Fargo.

On June 14, Miami mayor Francis Suarez filed his run with the Federal Election Commission. He delivered a speech the next day at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library to publicly announce his campaign, as four other Republicans in the race had done in the last year.

On June 22, former CIA agent and representative of Texas Will Hurd launched a run, after previously expressing interest in launching a presidential bid.

August 2023

On August 1, Donald Trump was indicted a third time for trying to overturn the results of the 2020 presidential election.

On August 14, Donald Trump was indicted a fourth time for trying to overturn the results of the 2020 presidential election in the state of Georgia.

On August 21, the slate of candidates that officially qualified for the debate was released: Doug Burgum, Chris Christie, Ron DeSantis, Nikki Haley, Asa Hutchinson, Mike Pence, Vivek Ramaswamy, and Tim Scott.

On August 23, the first Republican candidates debate took place in Milwaukee, broadcast by Fox News. To be eligible for this debate, a candidate must have polled at least one percent, received donations from 40,000 individuals, and signed a loyalty pledge to back whoever ultimately wins the party presidential nomination. Candidates deemed eligible for the debate were Doug Burgum, Chris Christie, Ron DeSantis, Nikki Haley, Asa Hutchinson, Mike Pence, Vivek Ramaswamy and Tim Scott. Trump did not participate in the debate, instead filming an interview with Tucker Carlson that was released minutes before the debate was scheduled to begin.

On August 29, Francis Suarez suspended his presidential campaign, becoming the first major candidate to do so.

September 2023

On September 18, Donald Trump's campaign announced that he would be giving a speech in Detroit before striking United Auto Workers union members at the same time as the second debate in California. United Auto Workers president Shawn Fain pointed out that Trump's speech was being held at a non-union plant whose workers were not connected to the strike.

The requirements to attend the second debate were to be polling at three percent in at least three reputable national polls, while the donor requirement increased to 50,000 unique donations. As of September 26, the slate of candidates that qualified for the second debate and would attend included: Ron DeSantis, Nikki Haley, Tim Scott, Vivek Ramaswamy, Mike Pence, Chris Christie, and Doug Burgum. Asa Hutchinson, who appeared for the first debate, did not qualify.

On September 27, the second Republican presidential debate took place at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library in Simi Valley, California.

October 2023

On October 2, the Supreme Court of the United States declined to hear John Anthony Castro's case to disqualify Donald Trump from appearing on the ballot.

On October 9, former Representative Will Hurd withdrew from the race.

On October 17, judge for the United States District Court for the District of Columbia, Tanya S. Chutkan, issued a gag order on Donald Trump from targeting prosecutors, court staff or “any reasonably foreseeable witness” marking the first time in U.S. history where the speech of a presidential candidate was limited by the courts.

On October 20, businessman Perry Johnson suspended his campaign. Judge Chutkan lifted the gag order on Donald Trump to allow Trump's legal team to appeal the order.

On October 26, former talk radio show host Larry Elder suspended his campaign and endorsed Trump.

On October 28, former Vice President of the United States Mike Pence suspended his campaign.

On October 30, Judge Chutkan reinstated the gag order on Donald Trump.

November 2023

On November 3, the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit lifted the gag order on Donald Trump until at least November 20, when oral arguments for or against the gag order would be heard by a three judge panel.

On November 6, the RNC announced that the following candidates qualified for the third presidential debate; Donald Trump, Ron DeSantis, Nikki Haley, Vivek Ramaswamy, Chris Christie and Tim Scott. The criteria to qualify for the third debate were having more than 70,000 unique donations and polling at 4% or better in national polls and local polls in Iowa or New Hampshire.

On November 8, the third Republican presidential debate took place in Miami, Florida. Donald Trump did not participate.

On November 12, Tim Scott, U.S. Senator from South Carolina, dropped out of the race.

On November 20, the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit reached a compromise between Trump and Chutkan, issuing a narrow gag order preventing Trump from "insulting" prosecutors, court personnel and potential witnesses, but allowing him to speak freely about outside counsel and issues relating to his presidential campaign.

On November 30, DeSantis debated Democratic California Governor Gavin Newsom.

December 2023

On December 4, Governor of North Dakota Doug Burgum announced his withdrawal from the race.

On December 6, the fourth Republican presidential debate took place at the University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa. Christie, DeSantis, Haley, Ramaswamy and Trump all met the donor and polling criteria. Trump again skipped the event.

On December 19, 2023, after a 4–3 ruling by the Colorado Supreme Court, Colorado became the first to disqualify former President Donald Trump from its primary ballot under Section 3 of the 14th Amendment. Trump remained on the ballot pending an appeal. The Colorado Republican Party is considering holding a caucus in place of the state-sanctioned primary if the decision stands.

On December 22, CBS reported that Donald Trump was inquiring within his campaign and with his allies over the possibility of tapping Nikki Haley for his running mate. This came shortly after a poll which showed Haley in second place in Iowa with 29% to Trump's 44%. In response, senior members of the Trump circle, including Donald Trump Jr., Roger Stone, and Tucker Carlson, all rejected the idea.

On December 28, Maine followed Colorado in prohibiting former President Trump from appearing on its ballots, though it was stayed pending an appeal.

On December 29, an effort in Virginia to prohibit former President Trump from appearing on their ballots by two social justice activists, Roy Perry-Bey and Carlos Howard, was dismissed by Leonie Brinkema, judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, due to the pair lacking standing to sue Trump under Virginia law.

2024

January 2024

On January 5, the Supreme Court agreed to hear Trump's appeal of his removal from the Colorado ballot.

On January 9, Gloria Navarro, judge for the United States District Court for the District of Nevada, rejected an effort in Nevada to block former President Trump from appearing on the state's ballots by John Anthony Castro. Navarro stated that Castro, a resident of Texas who cited the 14th Amendment in the case, does not have the standing to sue Trump under Nevada law. The point was largely moot, as the lawsuit would have barred Trump from appearing on the Nevada primary. Trump and the Nevada Republican Party had boycotted the state-organized primary in favor of a GOP-organized caucus.

On January 10, former New Jersey governor Chris Christie withdrew from the race. The fifth Republican presidential debate was held at Drake University in Des Moines, hosted by CNN. The requirements to attend were: finishing in the top three in local polls in Iowa, and be polling at at least 10% in both national and local polls. The three candidates that qualified were Trump, Haley, and DeSantis. Trump again did not participate, leaving the debate solely between Haley and DeSantis. Continuing his counterprogramming strategy, Trump instead appeared at a town hall with Fox News. Ramaswamy hosted a podcast interview with podcaster Tim Pool and Candace Owens after not qualifying for the debate.

On January 14, North Dakota governor and withdrawn candidate Doug Burgum endorsed Trump for president.

On January 15, Trump won the Iowa caucuses. Following the caucuses, businessman Vivek Ramaswamy withdrew from the race and endorsed Trump.

On January 16, former Arkansas governor Asa Hutchinson suspended his campaign. Later that same day, ABC announced it was canceling its debate scheduled for January 18, citing the fact that both Haley and Trump refused to attend.

On January 17, the seventh Republican presidential debate that was to be held at St. Anselm College in Goffstown, New Hampshire on January 21, was cancelled by CNN.

On January 21, Florida governor Ron DeSantis suspended his campaign and endorsed Trump. The departure of DeSantis left Trump and Haley as the only remaining major candidates for the Republican presidential nomination.

On January 23, Trump won the New Hampshire primary, defeating Haley by a margin of 54.3%-43.3%.

On January 30, Robert F. Kennedy Jr. stated that Trump had reached out to him in April 2023 about becoming his vice president pick. Kennedy indicated that he was flattered, but that he had refused Trump's offer. In response, a senior Trump advisor, Chris LaCivita, denied the exchange ever took place.

February 2024

During a February 4 an interview with Fox News, Trump outlined a list of criteria his running mate would have to meet and mentioned Tim Scott and Kristi Noem as two examples of potential running mates.

On February 6, the Nevada primary took place. The primary was boycotted by the Nevada Republican Party in favor of the Nevada caucuses. As a consequence, Trump was not a candidate in the primary, while Haley was not in the caucus. Haley, while losing the primary to None of These Candidates, was declared the official winner.

On February 8, Trump won the Nevada and Virgin Island caucuses.

On February 24, Trump won the South Carolina primary.

On February 27, Trump won the Michigan primary.

March 2024

On March 2, Trump won the Missouri, Michigan and Idaho caucuses. No delegates were allocated at the Missouri caucuses and delegates will not be bound until April or May.

On March 3, Haley won the District of Columbia primary which was held starting from March 1.

On March 4, efforts by some states (Colorado, Maine, and Illinois) to have Donald Trump removed from their ballots were declared unconstitutional by the United States Supreme Court in a unanimous 9-0 decision. Additionally, Trump won the North Dakota caucuses.

On March 5, Super Tuesday took place, with Trump winning the Alabama, Alaska, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia primaries, alongside the Utah caucuses, while Haley won the Vermont primary.

On March 6, Haley suspended her campaign.

On March 8, Trump won the American Samoa caucuses.

On March 12, Trump won the Georgia, Mississippi, and Washington primaries and the Hawaii caucuses. Trump's win in Washington gave him enough delegates to clinch the nomination.

On March 15, Trump won the Northern Mariana Islands caucuses.

On March 16, Trump won the Guam caucuses.

On March 19, Trump won the Arizona, Florida, Illinois, Kansas, and Ohio primaries.

On March 23, Trump won the Louisiana primary.

April 2024

On April 2, Trump won the Connecticut, New York, Rhode Island and Wisconsin primaries.

On April 20, Trump won the Wyoming caucuses.

On April 21, Trump won the Puerto Rico primary.

On April 23, Trump won the Pennsylvania primary.

May 2024

On May 7, Trump won the Indiana primary.

On May 14, the Maryland, Nebraska, and West Virginia primaries will take place.

On May 21, the Kentucky caucuses and Oregon primary will take place.

June 2024

On June 4, the Montana, New Jersey, New Mexico and South Dakota primaries will take place.

Eligibility

Trump's eligibility to run for president has been disputed. On December 19, 2023, the Colorado Supreme Court ruled in Anderson v. Griswold that he was ineligible under Section 3 of the 14th Amendment due to his role in the January 6, 2021, United States Capitol attack. On December 28, 2023, Maine Secretary of State Shenna Bellows ruled that Trump was ineligible, also citing section 3 of the 14th Amendment. However, Bellows stayed her own ruling pending the results of a challenge in court. On February 28, a Cook County judge, Tracie Porter, ordered the removal of Trump from the ballot in Illinois, also citing Section 3 of the 14th Amendment.

On March 4, 2024, the Supreme Court of the United States issued a unanimous 9–0 ruling that the efforts by the Colorado Supreme Court, under orders of the Colorado Attorney general, to have Trump barred from the ballot, were unconstitutional as that decision can only be made by the United States Congress, and that Trump must be reinstated on the ballot.

Overview

Ballot access

Debates

The first Republican debate was held on August 23, 2023, hosted by Fox News and moderated by Bret Baier and Martha MacCallum. To be eligible for the debate, a candidate must have polled with at least 1% of voter support, received donations from 40,000 individuals, and signed a loyalty pledge to back whoever ultimately wins the party presidential nomination. Doug Burgum, Chris Christie, Ron DeSantis, Nikki Haley, Asa Hutchinson, Mike Pence, Vivek Ramaswamy, and Tim Scott all qualified for the first debate. Donald Trump gave an interview with Tucker Carlson during the same time slot.

The second Republican debate was held on September 27, in Simi Valley, California, at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library. The requirements were similar to the first debate, but increased the number of individual donors required to 50,000 and required the candidates to poll at or above three percent in two national polls or in one national poll and two "early state" polls. Seven candidates were invited to the second debate: Burgum, Christie, DeSantis, Haley, Pence, Ramaswamy, and Scott.

The third debate was held in Miami, Florida, on November 8. The donor threshold for the third debate increases to 70,000 unique donors, including 200 donors in 20 or more states, while the polling threshold increases to four percent in two national polls or four percent in one national poll and four percent in two statewide polls in Iowa, New Hampshire, Nevada, or South Carolina. Christie, DeSantis, Haley, Ramaswamy, and Scott qualified for the third debate.

A fourth debate was held in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, on December 6. The donor threshold increased to 80,000 unique donors, while the polling threshold increased to six percent in two national polls, or six percent in one national poll and six percent in two polls from different states among Iowa, New Hampshire, Nevada, or South Carolina. DeSantis, Ramaswamy, Haley and Christie qualified for this debate.

The fifth debate took place in Des Moines, Iowa on January 10, 2024, and was hosted by CNN and moderated by Jake Tapper and Dana Bash. Additionally, a scheduled sixth debate, meant to occur on January 18, 2024, in Goffstown, New Hampshire, hosted by ABC, was cancelled two days prior.

Endorsements

Opinion polling

Maps

Campaign finance

This is an overview of the money used by each campaign as it is reported to the Federal Election Commission (FEC). Totals raised include individual contributions, loans from the candidate, and transfers from other campaign committees. Individual contributions are itemized (catalogued) by the FEC when the total value of contributions by an individual comes to more than $200. The last column, Cash On Hand, shows the remaining cash each campaign had available for its future spending as of December 31, 2023. Campaign finance reports for the first quarter of 2024 will become available on April 15, 2024.

This table does not include contributions made to Super PACs or party committees supporting the candidate. Each value is rounded up to the nearest dollar.

Primaries and caucus calendar

Timing

Republican Party rules mandate that changes to all contest dates must occur by September 2023, and there appears to be a trend of contests being scheduled earlier than usual. They specify that all must occur between March and June 11, 2024 – except for Iowa, New Hampshire, Nevada, and South Carolina – which are allowed to hold contests in February. Iowa chose to hold its caucus the earliest in over a decade, on a federal holiday – January 15 – as the rules are not legally binding.

Nevada controversy

After the 2020 presidential election, the Democratic-controlled Nevada Legislature moved to establish a presidential primary for the Republican and Democratic parties. Previously, party-organized caucuses were used in Nevada to determine delegates in presidential elections.

In May 2023, the Nevada Republican Party sued the state of Nevada in an effort to continue the use of caucuses as the means to determine its delegate allocation. The Nevada Attorney General's office stated that the Nevada Republican Party was allowed to choose between a primary or caucus, since the primary is non-binding and because state law does not mandate specific rules governing how political parties are to choose its candidate for president.

On August 14, 2023, the Nevada Republican Party announced it would hold its caucuses on February 8, while the February 6 state primary would not be binding.

Michigan controversy

The Michigan primaries were originally scheduled to be held in March in accordance with Republican Party rules. Democrats, who were in control of the Michigan legislature and governorship after the 2022 midterm elections, moved up both primaries as part of their own 2024 presidential delegate selection plan. As a result, the earlier date of February 27 violates Republican rules – which state that only Iowa, New Hampshire, Nevada and South Carolina can vote earlier than March 1, 2024.

Republicans in Michigan have criticized Democrats in Michigan for their unilateral move. Eventually, the Republicans held a primary on February 27 and a caucus on March 2.

Delegates

There will be an estimated total of 2,467 delegates to the 2024 Republican National Convention. In contests until March 15, delegates must be awarded on a proportional basis, either by percentage of statewide vote or share of congressional districts won. Some states have established thresholds between 4 and 20% for proportionality to kick in, under which a candidate receives no delegates. A vast majority, 41 contests totaling 1,920 delegates, operate this way using methods that are hybrid between proportionality and majority-take-all. New York for example has a 20% threshold for proportionality but if a candidate wins a majority, they take all delegates.

North Dakota, Wyoming, American Samoa, Guam, Virgin Islands, and 51 of Pennsylvania's 67 delegates are unpledged (free to vote for anyone at the convention), totaling 119. Florida, New Jersey, Ohio, Colorado, Arizona, Nebraska, South Dakota, and Montana's delegates are strictly awarded on a plurality-take-all basis, totaling 428. It will be possible for a candidate to take all 928 delegates of 19 contests by simply winning a threshold of votes.

By Super Tuesday, over 40% of delegates will have been awarded, and most by March 19. Republican Party rules mandate changes to delegate allocation methods happen by September 30. The primaries will conclude with a final vote on the nominee by a majority of delegates, at the newly elected Republican National Convention in Milwaukee, which will be held July 15–18.

According to the current rules of the Republican Party, no candidate can have their name placed into nomination, thereby earning television airtime at the Republican National Convention, unless he or she has received a plurality of delegates in at least five states (the rules state that "'state' or 'states' shall be taken to include American Samoa, the District of Columbia, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands").

See also

• 2024 United States presidential election
• 2024 Republican National Convention
• 2024 Democratic Party presidential primaries
• 2024 Democratic National Convention
• 2024 Constitution Party presidential primaries

Notes

References