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Outline of Spain

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Spain:

Spain – sovereign state located on the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe. Spanish territory also includes the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean, the Canary Islands in the Atlantic Ocean off the African coast, three exclaves in North Africa, Ceuta, Melilla, and Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera that border Morocco, and the islands and peñones (rocks) of Alborán, Chafarinas, Alhucemas, and Perejil. Spain is a democracy organized in the form of a parliamentary government under a constitutional monarchy. It is a developed country with the 13th largest economy in the world. It is a member of the European Union, United Nations, NATO, OECD, WTO and many other international organizations.

Spain Population:

2018: 46,960,000

2019: 46,450,000

2020: 46,460,000

2021: 46,420,000

2024: 48,692,804

General reference

Pronunciation:
- English
- Spanish:pronounced [esˈpaɲa] )
Common English country name: Spain
Official English country name: The Kingdom of Spain or Spain
Common endonym: España
Official endonym: Reino de España, España
Adjectival: Spanish
Demonym: Spaniard
Etymology: Name of Spain
International rankings of Spain
ISO country codes: ES, ESP, 724
ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:ES
Internet country code top-level domain: .es
International Direct Dialing uses the prefix +34. Then a first digit 9 or 8 indicates a fixed landline, 6 or 7 are for mobile cellphones

Geography of Spain

Spain is a:
- Country
  - Developed country
- Nation state
  - Sovereign state
  - Member State of the European Union
  - Member state of NATO
Location:
- Northern Hemisphere, on the Prime Meridian
- Eurasia
  - Europe
    - Southern Europe
    - Western Europe
    - Iberian Peninsula – Spain occupies most of this peninsula, sharing it with Portugal
- Time zones:
  - Canary Islands – Western European Time (UTC+00), Western European Summer Time (UTC+01)
  - Rest of Spain – Central European Time (UTC+01), Central European Summer Time (UTC+02)
- Extreme points of Spain
  - High: Teide on Tenerife 3,718 m (12,198 ft) - highest point in Canary Islands
    Mulhacén 3,479 m (11,414 ft) - highest point in continental Spain
  - Low: North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea 0 m
- Land boundaries: 1,918 km

Portugal 1,214 km

France 623 km

Andorra 64 km

Morocco 16 km

Gibraltar 1 km, not recognized by Spain

Coastline: 4,964 km

Population of Spain: 48,692,804 (April 2024) - 30th most populous country
Area of Spain: 504,030 km²
- Second largest country in Western Europe (behind France)
Altitude:
- Average altitude: 650 m
- Rank: second highest country in Europe (behind Switzerland)
Atlas of Spain

Environment of Spain

Geology of Spain
Climate of Spain
Renewable energy in Spain
Environmental issues in Spain
- Biosphere reserves in Spain
- National parks of Spain
- Sites of Community Importance in Spain
Wildlife of Spain
- Fauna of Spain
  - Birds of Spain
  - Mammals of Spain

Natural geographic features of Spain

Beaches in Spain
Glaciers of Spain
Islands of Spain
Lakes of Spain
Mountains of Spain
- Volcanoes in Spain
Rivers of Spain
- Waterfalls of Spain
Valleys of Spain
World Heritage Sites in Spain

Regions of Spain

Ecological regions of Spain

List of ecoregions in Spain

Ecoregions in Spain

Administrative divisions of Spain

Autonomous communities of Spain
- Provinces of Spain
  - Municipalities of Spain

Autonomous communities of Spain

Autonomous communities of Spain – each has its own parliament and government

By name
- Andalusia
- Aragon
- Principality of Asturias
- Balearic Islands
- Basque Country
- Canary Islands
- Cantabria
- Castile–La Mancha
- Castile and León
- Catalonia
- Extremadura
- Galicia
- La Rioja
- Community of Madrid
- Region of Murcia
- Chartered Community of Navarre
- Valencian Community
By statistic
- Spanish autonomous communities by area
- Spanish autonomous communities by population

Autonomous cities of Spain

Autonomous cities of Spain – less autonomous than the autonomous communities, but with more autonomy than Spain's other cities

Ceuta
Melilla

Other territory

Spanish exclaves:
- Ceuta
- Melilla
- Llívia
Places of sovereignty near Morocco, consisting of:
- Islas Chafarinas
- Peñón de Alhucemas
- Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera
- Isla de Alborán
- Isla Perejil

Provinces of Spain

Spanish provinces by area
Spanish provinces by coastline
Spanish provinces by population
Spanish provinces by name:

Comarcas of Spain

Comarcas of Aragon
Comarcas of Asturias
Comarques of Catalonia
Comarques of the Valencian Community

Municipalities of Spain

Capital of Spain: Madrid
Metropolitan areas in Spain
List of municipalities (cities) of Spain – Spain's approximately 8100 municipalities comprise the basic level of Spanish local government
- Autonomous cities of Spain
- Ranked lists of Spanish municipalities

Demography of Spain

Demographics of Spain

Government and politics of Spain

Politics of Spain

Form of government: Constitutional monarchy
Capital of Spain: Madrid
Anarchism in Spain
Elections in Spain
Political parties in Spain
- Partido Popular or PP Mainstream Centre-Right associated with the main Employers Organization and clerics
- Partido Socialista Obrero Español mainstream social-democrats linked to Unión General de Trabajadores trade union and the Confederación Empresarial de Economia Social
- Podemos, a recently formed left-wing populist party
- Citizens (Ciudadanos, "Cs") a recently established liberal and unionist party
- Political parties in Catalonia
Liberalism and radicalism in Spain
Social Security in Spain
Taxation in Spain
Corruption in Spain

Monarchy of Spain

Head of state: King of Spain, Felipe VI
- List of heads of state of Spain
- List of titles and honours of the Spanish Crown
  - List of titles and honours of Felipe VI of Spain
- Line of succession to the Spanish Throne
- Monarchs of Spain family tree
- Christmas Eve National Speech
- Coat of arms of the King of Spain
Royal Household of Spain
- Spanish Royal Family
- Spanish royal sites
Spanish nobility
Annus horribilis
Bourbon claim to the Spanish throne
Caballerizo mayor
Camarera mayor de Palacio
Chamber of Peers (Spain)
Crown of Aragon
Descendants of Charles III of Spain
Coat of arms of the Prince of Asturias
Ancestry of Felipe VI of Spain
Gentilhombres de cámara con ejercicio
Imperator totius Hispaniae
Ancestry of Juan Carlos I of Spain
Kingdom of Gibraltar
List of titles and honours of Leonor, Princess of Asturias
Queen Letizia of Spain
Line of succession to the Spanish throne
List of titles and honours of Juan Carlos I of Spain
List of titles and honours of Queen Letizia of Spain
Mayordomo mayor
Mayordomos de semana
Nóos case
Patrimonio Nacional
Royal descendants of John William Friso
Royal Household and Heritage of the Crown of Spain
Royal Standard of Spain
List of titles and honours of Queen Sofía of Spain
Sumiller de Corps

Branches of the government of Spain

Government of Spain

Executive branch of the government of Spain

Head of state: King of Spain, Felipe VI
- List of heads of state of Spain
Head of government: Prime Minister of Spain (Presidente del Gobierno), Pedro Sánchez Pérez-Castejón
- List of prime ministers of Spain
- Deputy Prime Minister of Spain
- Second Deputy Prime Minister of Spain
Cabinet of Spain (Council of Ministers)

Legislative branch of the government of Spain

Parliament of Spain – bicameral legislature of Spain, consisting of:
- Upper house: Senate of Spain
- Lower house: Congress of Deputies (Spain)

Judicial branch of the government of Spain

Spanish judicial system

- General Council of the Judicial Power of Spain
- Constitutional Court of Spain
- Supreme Court of Spain

Foreign relations of Spain

Diplomatic missions in Spain
Diplomatic missions of Spain
Centro Nacional de Inteligencia

International organization membership

The Kingdom of Spain is a member of:

Law and order in Spain

Law of Spain

Crime in Spain
- Terrorism in Spain
  - ETA
  - GRAPO
  - 11 March 2004 Madrid train bombings
Human rights in Spain
- Civil unions in Spain
- LGBT rights in Spain
  - Same-sex marriage in Spain
- Freedom of religion in Spain
Law enforcement in Spain
Laws of Spain
- Capital punishment in Spain
- Constitution of Spain
  - Spanish Political Reform Act 1977
  - Spanish Constitution of 1978
    - Amendments to the Spanish Constitution of 1978
- Historical Memory Law – recognizes the victims on both sides of the Spanish Civil War, gives rights to the victims and the descendants of victims of the Civil War and the subsequent dictatorship of General Francisco Franco, and formally condemns the Franco Regime
- Spanish referendum on the European Constitution

Military of Spain

Command
- Commander-in-chief:
  - Ministry of Defence of Spain
Forces
- Army of Spain
  - Tanks in the Spanish Army
- Navy of Spain
- Air Force of Spain
- Spanish Legion
- Special forces of Spain
Military history of Spain
Military ranks of Spain

Local government in Spain

List of Spanish regional governments
- List of Spanish regional legislatures

History of Spain

Timeline of Spanish history

History of Spain by period

Prehistoric Iberia
- Timeline of pre-Roman Iberian history
- Carthaginian Iberia
Hispania
- Timeline of the history of Roman Hispania
Spain in the Middle Ages
- Visigothic Kingdom
- al-Andalus
  - Umayyad conquest of Hispania
- Reconquista
Habsburg Spain
- Spanish Inquisition
Enlightenment Spain
Mid-nineteenth century Spain
Spanish confiscation
First Spanish Republic
Spain under the Restoration
Second Spanish Republic
Spanish Civil War
Spain under Franco
Modern Spain

History of Spain by region

By autonomous community

History of Andalusia
History of Aragon
History of Asturias
History of the Balearic Islands
History of Basque Country
History of the Canary Islands
History of Cantabria
History of Castilla-La Mancha
History of Castile and León
History of Catalonia
History of Extremadura
History of Galicia
History of La Rioja
History of the Community of Madrid
History of the Region of Murcia
History of Navarre
History of the Valencian Community

By city

History of Madrid
History of Barcelona
History of Valencia
History of Seville
History of Zaragoza
History of Málaga
History of Murcia
History of Palma
History of Las Palmas
History of Bilbao
History of Alicante

History of Spain by subject

Chivalry in Spain
Economic history of Spain
Literature in Medieval Spain
Military history of Spain
- List of Spanish wars
- Spanish knights orders
- List of ships of the line of Spain
- List of battleships of Spain
- Spanish aircraft carrier Príncipe de Asturias
- Spanish ship Juan Carlos I (L61)
- Spanish Armada
  - Spanish Armada in Ireland
Religious history of Spain

Culture of Spain

Cuisine of Spain
- Paella
Festivals in Spain
- Fiestas of International Tourist Interest of Spain
- Fiestas of National Tourist Interest of Spain
Media in Spain
National symbols of Spain
- Coat of arms of Spain
  - Coats of arms of the autonomous communities of Spain
- Flag of Spain
  - Flags of the autonomous communities of Spain
- National anthem of Spain (Marcha Real)
  - Anthems of the autonomous communities of Spain
- National motto: Plus Ultra
Prostitution in Spain
Public holidays in Spain
Records of Spain
Scouting in Spain
World Heritage Sites in Spain

Art in Spain

Cave of Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain
Rock art of the Iberian Mediterranean Basin
Rock art of the Iberian Southern Tip
Television in Spain
Spanish Golden Age
Spanish Baroque Painting
Spanish Renaissance

Architecture of Spain

By location
- Architecture of Barcelona
- Architecture of Madrid
  - Romanesque churches in Madrid
- Architecture of Cantabria
By period
- Spanish Romanesque
- Mudéjar style
- Spanish Gothic architecture
- Herrerian
- Spanish Renaissance architecture
- Plateresque
- Spanish Baroque
- Rococo in Spain
- Modernisme
By type
- Castles in Spain
- Cathedrals in Spain
Missing landmarks in Spain

Cinema of Spain

Spanish films
Spanish directors
- Luis Buñuel – first Spanish director to achieve universal recognition
- Pedro Almodóvar – achieved universal recognition in the 1980s
- Segundo de Chomón
- Florián Rey
- Luis García Berlanga
- Juan Antonio Bardem
- Carlos Saura
- Julio Médem
- Alejandro Amenábar

Dance in Spain

Jota
Flamenco
Sardana
Sevillanas

Literature of Spain

Literature of Spain — Castilian (Spanish) literature

By genre
- Spanish poetry
- Spanish comics
By region
- Basque literature
- Catalan literature
Galician literature

Music of Spain

By genre
- Spanish opera
- Spanish folk music
- Flamenco
- Catalan rumba
- Spanish rock
- Spanish hip hop
By region
- Music of Andalusia
- Music of Aragon
- Music of the Balearic Islands
- Music of the Basque
- Music of the Canary Islands
- Music of Castile, Madrid and León
- Music of Catalonia
- Music of Extremadura
- Music of Galicia, Cantabria and Asturias
- Music of Murcia
- Music of Navarre and La Rioja
- Music of Valencia
Benidorm International Song Festival - Festivals
Spain in the Eurovision Song Contest

Painting in Spain

Spanish painters
- Alonso Cano
- Juan Carreño de Miranda
- Ramon Casas i Carbó
- Claudio Coello
- Salvador Dalí
- Mariano Fortuny
- Francisco Goya
- El Greco (born in Creta).
- Bartolomé Esteban Murillo
- Pablo Picasso
- José de Ribera
- Santiago Rusiñol
- Enrique Simonet
- Joaquín Sorolla
- Diego Velázquez
- Ignacio Zuloaga
- Francisco de Zurbarán

Sculpture in Spain

Lady of Elche
Lady of Baza

Language in Spain

Languages of Spain
- Spanish language
  - History of the Spanish language
  - Spanish dialects
- Aragonese
- Aranese (Occitan)
- Asturian
- Basque
- Catalan/Valencian
- Galician
- Leonese

People of Spain

Spanish people (or People of Spain)

Regional ethnic groups:
- Andalusian people
- Aragonese people
- Asturian people
- Balearic people
- Basque people
- Canarian people
- Cantabrian people
- Castilian people
- Catalan people
- Extremaduran people
- Galician people
- Leonese people
- Valencian people
Other groups:
- Afro-Spanish
- Chinese people in Spain
- Jews in Spain
- Romani people in Spain

Religion and belief systems in Spain

Irreligion in Spain
Religion in Spain
- Monasteries in Spain
- Religions in Spain
  - Bahá'í Faith in Spain
  - Christianity in Spain
    - Catholicism in Spain
    - Protestantism in Spain
  - Hinduism in Spain
  - Islam in Spain
    - Ahmadiyya in Spain
  - Judaism in Spain
  - Neopaganism in Spain
  - Odinist Community of Spain — Ásatrú

Sports in Spain

Football in Spain
- Football clubs in Spain
Mind sports in Spain
- Chess in Spain
  - Spanish Chess Championship
Spain at the Olympics

Economy and infrastructure of Spain

Economy of Spain

Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2011): 12th (twelfth)
Agriculture in Spain
Banking in Spain
- National Bank of Spain
Companies of Spain
Currency of Spain: Euro (see also: Euro topics)
- ISO 4217: EUR
- Royal Mint
  - Spanish euro coins
  - Spanish peseta
Economic history of Spain
Energy in Spain
- Energy policy of Spain
- Oil industry in Spain
Health care in Spain
Mining in Spain
Social Security in Spain
Spain Stock Exchange
Tourism in Spain
Water supply and sanitation in Spain

Communications in Spain

Internet in Spain
Television stations in Spain
Radio stations in Spain
Spanish newspapers
Postal codes in Spain

Transport in Spain

Air transport in Spain
- Airports in Spain
- EADS CASA – defunct aircraft manufacturer
Rail transport in Spain
- Rapid transit in Spain
- List of town tramway systems in Spain
- History of rail transport in Spain
- AVE, Spanish High Speed
- RENFE, National Network of the Spanish Railways
  - Cercanías, commuter rail services
- FEVE, Narrow Gauge Railways
- Euskotren Trena
- Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya
- Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat Valenciana
- Serveis Ferroviaris de Mallorca
- Talgo – train manufacturer
Road transport in Spain
- Roads in Spain (carreteras)
  - List of national roads in Spain (carreteras nacionales)
  - Highways in Spain (autopistas and autovías)
- Vehicle registration plates of Spain
- Road vehicle manufacturers
  - Car manufacturers
    - SEAT
  - Motorcycle manufacturers
    - Montesa Honda – Spanish subsidiary of Honda, manufactures motorcycles and bicycles
- History of road transport in Spain
  - Abadal automobile
  - Biscuter automobile
  - Bultaco – defunct motorcycle manufacturer
  - Hispano-Suiza – defunct car manufacturer
  - Pegaso – defunct car manufacturer

Education in Spain

Spanish universities
- List of universities in Spain (organized by autonomous community)

Health in Spain

Healthcare in Spain
- Hospitals in Spain

References

External links

Wikimedia Atlas of Spain

Overviews

Encyclopædia Britannica's Spain Portal site
IberiaNature A guide to the environment, geography, climate, wildlife, natural history and landscape of Spain
Library of Congress Spain Country Series site
Local Spanish news and features
Maps of Spain: satellite images, relief maps, outlines and themed maps of Spanish autonomous communities, provinces and municipalities
Spain: CIA World Factbook entry — updated in May 2006
Spain: The Economist Country Briefings entry

Government

administracion.es e-government Portal
Agencia Estatal de Administración Tributaria — Tax Agency
Casa Real.es - Spanish Royal Family
Congreso de los Diputados — Congress of Deputies
Dates in Spanish history
El Senado - Senate
La Moncloa.es — Prime Minister

Other

INEBase — National Institute of Statistics
Languages of Spain
Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Official Website of Tourism in Spain
History of Spain Primary history documents

Text submitted to CC-BY-SA license. Source: Outline of Spain by Wikipedia (Historical)

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