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HDR10+

HDR10+ is a high dynamic range (HDR) video technology that adds dynamic metadata to HDR10 source files. The dynamic metadata are used to adjust and optimize each frame of the HDR video to the consumer display's capabilities in a way based on the content creator's intentions.

HDR10+ is an alternative to Dolby Vision, which also uses dynamic metadata. HDR10+ is the default variant of dynamic metadata as part of the HDMI 2.1 standard.

HDR10+ Adaptive is an update designed to optimize HDR10+ content according to the ambient light.

Description

HDR10+, also known as HDR10 Plus, was announced on 20 April 2017, by Samsung and Amazon Video. HDR10+ updates HDR10 by adding dynamic metadata that can be used to more accurately adjust brightness levels up to the full range of PQ code values (10,000 nits maximum brightness) on a scene-by-scene or frame-by-frame basis. The technology is standardized and defined in SMPTE ST 2094-40. HDR10+ is an open standard and is royalty-free; it is supported by a growing list of post-production software and tools. HDR10+ specifications are not publicly available. A certification and logo program for HDR10+ device manufacturers is available with an annual administration fee for certain adopter categories and no per-unit royalty. Authorized test centers conduct certification testing for HDR10+ devices.

On 28 August 2017, Samsung, Panasonic, and 20th Century Fox created the HDR10+ Technologies LLC to promote the HDR10+ standard. HDR10+ video started being offered by Amazon Video on 13 December 2017. On 5 January 2018, Warner Bros. announced their support for the HDR10+ standard. On 6 January 2018, Panasonic announced Ultra HD Blu-ray players with support for HDR10+. On 4 April 2019, Universal Pictures Home Entertainment announced a technology collaboration with Samsung Electronics to release new titles mastered with HDR10+. It is considered to have most of the advantages of Dolby Vision over HDR10, as well as being royalty free.

HDR10+ signals the dynamic range and scene characteristics on a scene-by-scene or even frame-by-frame basis. The display device then uses the dynamic metadata to apply an appropriate tone map through the process of dynamic tone mapping. Dynamic tone mapping differs from static tone mapping by applying a different tone curve from scene-to-scene rather than use a single tone curve for an entire video.

HDR10+ and Dolby Vision do not use the same dynamic metadata.

Technical details

HDR10+ content profile

EOTF: SMPTE ST 2084 (PQ)
Chroma subsampling: 4:2:0 (for compressed video sources), 4:2:2 and 4:4:4
Resolution: Agnostic (2K/4K/8K, etc.)
Bit depth: 10-bit or more (up to 16-bit) per color channel
Color primaries: ITU-R BT.2020
Maximum linearized pixel value: 10,000 cd/m² for each color R/G/B (content)
Metadata (required): Mastering Display Color Volume Metadata
Metadata (optional): MaxCLL, MaxFALL

HDR10+ technology can support the full range of HDR standards to 10,000 cd/m², 8K and BT.2020 color gamut. Being resolution agnostic, metadata needs to be created only once and can be applied to any target resolution.

HDR10+ is supported in video encoding technologies HEVC, AV1, VP9 compatibility via WebM as well as any codec that supports ITU-T T.35 metadata.

Workflow and ecosystem

HDR10+ utilizes an HDR10 master file within existing HDR post-production and distribution workflows.

The HDR10+ ecosystem is used within current systems by,

storing HDR10+ metadata in JSON files
embedding HDR10+ metadata into HDR10 encoded content
distribution through digital stream (e.g. streaming with HDR10+ SEI)
displaying HDR10+ content on a capable display (e.g. HDMI interfaces with HDR10+ VSIF) and mobile devices

Metadata generation

For offline and video-on-demand (VOD) (e.g. ultra-high-definition Blu-ray, over-the-top (OTT), multi-channel video programming distributor (MVPD)), HDR10+ metadata may be created during the post-production, mastering process or during transcoding/encoding for distribution back-ends by HDR10+ content generation tools in two steps,

Identifying scene cuts, and
Performing an image analysis on each scene or frame to derive statistics

HDR10+ metadata is interchanged through a low complexity JSON-structured text file, which is then parsed and injected into video files.

Live encoding

Live use cases are possible by delivering HDR10+ metadata in every frame. HEVC encoders generate and inject metadata on live content and mobile phones record video and create HDR10+ metadata in real-time during recording. Live encoding is detailed in the Live Encoder Workflow diagram and real time broadcast operations are supported at the point of transmission enabling a metadata-less broadcast operation.

Compatibility

HDR10+ metadata follows ITU-T T.35 and can co-exist with other HDR metadata such as HDR10 static metadata that makes HDR10+ content backward compatible with non-HDR10+ TVs. HDR10+ metadata is ignored by devices that do not support the format and video is played back in HDR10.

Administration

HDR10+ Technologies, LLC administers the license and certification program for products that want to adopt HDR10+. HDR10+ Technologies, LLC provides the technical specifications, test specifications, and certified logo.