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Outline of photography

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to photography:

Photography – process of making pictures by the action of recording light patterns, reflected or emitted from objects, on a photosensitive medium or an image sensor through a timed exposure. The process is done through mechanical, chemical, or electronic devices known as cameras.

Areas of practice

Applied photography

Scientific photography

Aerial photography
Aerial archaeology
Astrophotography
Autoradiography
Cartography and photography
Chronophotography
Fundus photography
Geophotography
Phototherapy
Pseudocolor
Remote sensing
Schlieren photography
Scientific visualization
Visual anthropology

Scientific imaging

Acoustic holography
Dark-field microscopy
Electron microscope
False-color
High-speed photography
Holography
Kirlian photography
Photogrammetry
Photomicrography
Multispectral imaging
- Ultraviolet photography
- Infrared photography
- Full-spectrum photography

Medical imaging

Creating images of the human body or parts of it, to diagnose or examine disease.

Bioluminescence imaging – a technique for studying laboratory animals using luminescent protein.
Calcium imaging – determining the calcium status of a tissue using fluorescent light.
Diffuse optical imaging – using near-infrared light to generate images of the body.
Diffusion-weighted imaging – a type of MRI that uses water diffusion.
Endoscopy – a procedure using an endoscope to examine the interior of a hollow organ or cavity of the body.
Fluorescence lifetime imaging – using the decay rate of a fluorescent sample.
Fluorescence image-guided surgery – used to detect fluorescently labelled structures during surgery.
Gallium imaging – a nuclear medicine method for the detection of infections and cancers.
Imaging agent – a chemical designed to allow clinicians to determine whether a mass is benign or malignant.
Imaging studies – which includes many medical imaging techniques.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) – a non-invasive method to render images of living tissues.
Microscopy – creating images of objects or features too small to be detectable by the naked human eye.
Molecular imaging – used to study molecular pathways inside organisms.
Non-contact thermography – is the field of thermography that derives diagnostic indications from infrared images of the human body.
Nuclear medicine – uses administered radioactive substances to create images of internal organs and their function.
Optical imaging – using light as an investigational tool for biological research and medical diagnosis.
Optoacoustic imaging – using the photothermal effect, for the accuracy of spectroscopy with the depth resolution of ultrasound.
Photoacoustic Imaging – a technique to detect vascular disease and cancer using non-ionizing laser pulses.
Ultrasound imaging – using very high frequency sound to visualize muscles and internal organs.

Commercial photography

Celebrity photography
Concert photography
Fashion photography
Food photography
Freelance photography
Head shot
Industrial photography
Kodak girl
Sports photography
Stock photography
Wedding photography
Yearbook
"You press the button, we do the rest"

Police and military photography

Forensic photography
Mug shot
War photography

Social dimensions of photography

Conservation and restoration of photographs
Visual anthropology
Vernacular photography
- Selfie

Photojournalism

Documentary photography
Life (magazine)
List of photojournalists
Narrative photography
Paparazzi
Photo-essay
Social documentary photography
Social photography
War photography

Political dimensions of photography

Agitprop
Censorship
Conservation photography
List of photographers of the civil rights movement
Propaganda

Photography and desire

Erotic photography
Fashion photography
Glamour photography
List of BDSM photographers
Nude photography
Pin-up model
Pornography

Subjects, styles, and formats

Photographic subjects

Architectural photography
Fireworks photography
Nature photography
- Cloudscape photography
- Conservation photography
- Landscape photography
- Underwater photography
- Wildlife photography
Night photography
Portrait photography
Street photography
Subminiature photography

Photographic styles

Abstract photography
Candid photography
Environmental portrait
Low-key photography
Old-time photography
Snapshot
Still life
Straight photography

Photographic formats

Art and theory

Art and photography

Abstraction
American Realism
Appropriation
Art
Artists books
Conceptual photography
Modernism
Exhibitions
- The Family of Man
Festivals

Theory

Aesthetics
Art criticism
Conceptual photography
Constructed reality
Decisive moment
Deconstruction
Ideology
Memory
Truth
Representation
Semiotics
Social representation
Time and space
Visual anthropology
Voyeurism

Photographic technology

See also: History of photographic technology

Cabinet photograph
Color photography
Digital photography
Digiscoping
Microphotography
Photogenic drawings
Photometry
Stereoscope

Image capture

Bracketing
Burst mode
Exposure
Time-lapse photography

Camera

Types of camera

Box camera
Brownie camera
Camera obscura
Camera phone
Digital single-lens reflex camera
Diana camera
Digital camera
- Zebra patterning
Disposable camera
Field camera
Instant or polaroid camera
Pinhole camera
Point and shoot camera
Press camera
Rangefinder camera
Single-lens reflex camera
Three-CCD camera
Twin-lens reflex camera
Toy camera
View camera

Parts of a camera

Camera back
Shutter
Hotshoe
Aperture
Viewfinder

Lens

Fisheye lens
Lens
Lens hood
Perspective control lens
Telecentric lens
Telephoto lens
Wide-angle lens
Zoom lens

Accessories

Cable release
Filter
Monopod
Tripod

Film

35 mm
Anti-halation backing
Film base
Film developing
Film format
Film holder
Film speed
- Sensitometry
Film stock
Grain
Photographic plate
Infrared film
Instant film
Negative
Reversal film

Lighting

Beauty dish
Fill light
Flash
- Flash synchronization
- Red-eye effect
Gobo
Guide number
Key light
Light meter
Monolight
Reflector
Snoot
Softbox

Projection

Photographic effects

Bokeh
Contre-jour
Motion blur

Photographic processing

Airgraph
Bas-relief
Color
Darkroom
Developer
Dufaycolor
Dye coupler
Enlarger
Fixer
Hand-coloring of photographs
- Photographic print toning
Heliograph
Image stabilization
Instant photography
Lomography
Minilab
Orthochromatic
Photosculpture
Photographic printing
Safelight
Solarization
Stop bath

Digital processing

Adobe Photoshop
Digital printing
High-dynamic-range imaging (HDR)
Image histogram
Scanning
- Film scanner
Unsharp masking

Processes

Alternative process
- Bleach bypass
- Bromoil process
- Cross processing
- Cyanotype
- Double exposure
- Gum bichromate
- Infrared
- Oil print process
- Pinhole
- Platinum process
- Polaroid art
- Redscale
- Sprocket hole
- Through the Viewfinder
C-41 process
Collodion process
Contact printing
Dodging and burning
Dye transfer process
E-6 process
Gelatin silver process
Half-tone process
K-14 process
Lippmann process
Printing
Process camera
Push printing
Push processing
Sun printing
Wet collodion process

Papers, prints, and -types

Anthotype
Blotting paper
Bromide paper
Calotype
Carbro
Chromogenic print
Chrysotype
Cyanotype
Contact print
Gum printing
Hillotype
Hyalotype
Kallitype
Litmus paper
Melainotype
Paper negative
Physautotype
Print permanence
Photograph
Woodburytype

Photographic techniques

Afocal photography
Chemigram
Chemogram
Harris shutter
Kinetic photography
Kite aerial photography
Light painting
Macro photography
Miniature faking
Panning
Photogram
Rephotography
Rollout photography
Solarisation
Stereoscopy
Stopping down
Tilt–shift photography
Time-lapse photography

Photographic concepts

Composition
- Rule of thirds
- Field of view
- Headroom
- Perspective (visual)
- Lead room
- Framing
- Golden triangle (composition)
Density
- Callier effect
- Characteristic curve
- Contrast
- Reciprocity
Exposure
- Shutter speed
- Aperture
- F-number
- Exposure compensation
- Exposure value
- Exposure latitude
- Zone system
- Metering mode
- Time exposure
Moire patterns

Optics

Angle of view
Chromatic aberration
Field of view
Focus
- Autofocus
- Depth of field
- Depth of focus
- Hyperfocal distance
- Soft focus
Distortion
Electromagnetic spectrum
Fourier optics
Focal length
- 35mm equivalent focal length
Gaussian optics
Lens flare
Newton's rings
Orb (optics)
Optical transfer function
Optical aberration
Perspective
- Perspective distortion
Polarized light
Vignetting

Color

CMYK color model
Color balance
Color management
Color photography
Color space
Color temperature
Colorimetry
Primary color
RGB color model

Digital imaging

Image Compression
Gaussian blur
Image histogram
- Histogram equalization
Image scaling
Logarithms
Noise
Pixel
Posterization

Digital image formats

DNG
GIF
JPEG
PNG
RAW
TIFF

Photography organizations

Farm Security Administration
Missions Héliographiques
National Geographic
Royal Photographic Society
Société française de photographie

Photographic equipment makers

Canon
Fujifilm
Hasselblad
Ilford
Kodak
Leica
Minolta
Nikon
Pentax
Polaroid

Museums and libraries

Museums and libraries with significant photography collections.

Center for Creative Photography
Family of Man Museum, Clervaux Castle, Luxembourg
George Eastman Museum
Getty Museum
Instituto Moreira Salles
International Center of Photography
International Photography Hall of Fame and Museum
Library of Congress
Metropolitan Museum of Art
Musée d'Orsay
Museo de Arte de Lima
Museum of Contemporary Photography Chicago
Museum of Fine Arts, Houston
Museum of Jewish Heritage
Museum of Modern Art
National Gallery of Art, Washington DC
National Portrait Gallery UK
National Portrait Gallery US
Niepce Museum
New York Public Library
Smithsonian American Art Museum
Tate Galleries

Photographers

Women photographers

List of photographers

List of women photographers
List of Jewish American photographers
List of street photographers
Photography by indigenous peoples of the Americas

Photographers by nationality

List of Bangladeshi photographers
List of Chinese photographers
List of German photographers
List of Greek photographers
List of Korean photographers
List of New Zealand women photographers
List of Norwegian photographers
List of Polish photographers
List of Slovenian photographers
List of Turkish photographers

History of photography

History of photographic technology

History of the camera
- Camera obscura

Pioneers and inventors of photographic technology

Hippolyte Bayard
Louis Daguerre
George Eastman
Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky
John Herschel
Eadweard Muybridge
Nicéphore Niépce
William Fox Talbot
Thomas Wedgwood

Historic photographic processes

Ambrotype
Autochrome Lumière
Calotype
Collodion process
Cyanotype
Daguerreotype
Dufaycolor
Heliography
Platinum print
Salt print
Tintype

History of photography in culture and art

Bauhaus
Cliche-verre
Dada
Decisive moment
Farm Security Administration
Formalism
Fotoform
Futurism
Gallery 291
Group f.64
Harlem Renaissance
Impressionism
The Linked Ring
Modernism
Neorealism
Neue Sachlichkeit
Neues Sehen / New Vision
New Documents
New Topographics
Orientalism
Photo-Secession
Photomontage
Pictorialism
Pop art
Postmodernism
Realism
Socialist realism
Straight photography
Surrealism
Vortograph
Wiener Aktionismus / Viennese Actionism

Lists

List of most expensive photographs
List of photographs considered the most important

External links

Judging the authenticity of Photographs: 1800s to Today Guide for collectors and historians
Rarities of the USSR photochronicles Pioneers of Soviet Photography.
"Every Picture Has a Story" - uses pictures from the Smithsonian's collections to show the development of the technology through the nineteenth century.
Shades of Light (Australian Photography 1839 - 1988) the online version of the original Shades of Light published 1998, Gael Newton, National Gallery of Australia.
Illustrated Photography - Basic Photography - The basics of photography explained in a series of articles.
Camera Obscura - digital library on the history photographic techniques

Text submitted to CC-BY-SA license. Source: Outline of photography by Wikipedia (Historical)

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